A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Epistaxis.

Headache.

Dizziness.

Shortness of breath.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Dizziness is a manifestation of hypovolemia, which is a decrease in blood volume due to fluid loss. Hypovolemia can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a drop in blood pressure when changing positions. This can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.

Choice A is wrong because it is not a sign of hypovolemia, but rather a possible cause of it. Epistaxis is a nosebleed that can result from trauma, infection, dryness, or coagulation disorders.

Choice B is wrong because it is not a specific sign of hypovolemia, but rather a nonspecific symptom that can have many causes. Headache can be associated with dehydration, but it can also be caused by stress, infection, inflammation, or other factors.

Choice D is wrong because it is not a sign of hypovolemia, but rather a sign of fluid volume excess.

Fluid volume excess is an increase in blood volume due to fluid retention or overload. Fluid volume excess can cause dyspnea, which is difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg for adults. Normal ranges for heart rate are 60 to 100 beats per minute for adults.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This prescription is complete because it includes the medication name, dose, route, and frequency. A complete prescription should also include the client’s name, date, time, signature of the prescriber, and any special instructions.

Choice A is wrong because it does not specify the dose of cimetidine.

PO twice daily is not enough information to administer the medication safely. Choice B is wrong because it does not specify the frequency of tetracycline.

200 mg PO is not enough information to administer the medication safely. Choice C is wrong because it does not specify the route of epoetin alfa.

150 units/kg three times weekly is not enough information to administer the medication safely.

Normal ranges for digoxin are 0.5 to 2 ng/mL for heart failure and 0.8 to 2 ng/mL for atrial fibrillation.

Normal ranges for cimetidine are 50 to 150 ng/mL. Normal ranges for tetracycline are 1 to 10 mcg/mL.

Normal ranges for epoetin alfa are not applicable as it is a synthetic hormone that stimulates red blood cell production.

A. Instruct the client to avoid coughing during the procedure. B. Inform the client that he will be NPO for 6 hr prior to the procedure. C. Position the client on the affected side for 4 hr following the procedure. D. Place the client in the prone position during the procedure.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A thoracentesis is a procedure that involves inserting a needle into the pleural space to remove excess fluid or air. Coughing can increase the risk of pneumothorax (collapsed lung) or bleeding during the procedure.

Choice B is wrong because the client does not need to be NPO (nothing by mouth) for 6 hr prior to the procedure. There is no risk of aspiration during a thoracentesis.

Choice C is wrong because the client should be positioned on the unaffected side for 4 hr following the procedure. This allows the affected lung to re-expand and prevents fluid from accumulating in the pleural space again.

Choice D is wrong because the client should not be placed in the prone position during the procedure. The prone position makes it difficult to access the pleural space and can compromise breathing.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A quality control nurse is reviewing medication prescriptions for a group of clients. Which of the following medication prescriptions should the nurse identify as being complete?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled for a thoracentesis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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