A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about infection prevention at a community center. Which of the following statements by a client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
“I should take antibiotics when I have a virus.”
“I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted.”
“I should wash my hands for 10 seconds with hot water after working in the garden.”
“I can clean my cat’s litter box during my pregnancy.”
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is b. “I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted.”
Choice A rationale:
- Statement: “I should take antibiotics when I have a virus.”
- Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Antibiotics are medications that fight bacteria, not viruses. Taking antibiotics when you have a virus will not help you get better and can actually lead to antibiotic resistance.
Choice B rationale:
- Statement: “I can visit my nephew who has chickenpox 5 days after the sores have crusted.”
- Rationale: This statement is correct. Chickenpox is a highly contagious virus that is spread through the air by coughing and sneezing. However, a person with chickenpox is no longer contagious once all of the sores have crusted over. This typically happens about 5 days after the rash first appears.
Choice C rationale:
- Statement: “I should wash my hands for 10 seconds with hot water after working in the garden.”
- Rationale: This statement is partially correct. Handwashing is an important way to prevent the spread of infection. However, the water does not need to be hot. Warm or cold water is just as effective. It is also important to wash your hands for at least 20 seconds, not 10 seconds.
Choice D rationale:
- Statement: “I can clean my cat’s litter box during my pregnancy.”
- Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Cat feces can contain a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii, which can cause a serious infection called toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis can be harmful to a developing baby. It is best to avoid cleaning cat litter boxes during pregnancy. If you must clean the litter box, wear gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This method involves feeling the radial pulse while inflating and deflating the cuff.
The systolic pressure is estimated by noting the pressure at which the pulse disappears and reappears. The diastolic pressure is not measured by this method, but it can be useful when the sounds are difficult to hear.
Choice A is wrong because applying the largest cuff available can result in a falsely low reading. The cuff size should be appropriate for the client’s arm circumference.
Choice C is wrong because placing the arm above the level of the client’s heart can also cause a falsely low reading. The arm should be at the level of the heart for an accurate measurement.
Choice D is wrong because deflating the cuff quickly can lead to missing or skipping sounds, resulting in an inaccurate reading. The cuff should be deflated slowly and evenly.
Normal ranges for blood pressure vary depending on age, sex, and health conditions, but generally, a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg are considered normal for adults.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Hyperthermia is a condition in which the body temperature is abnormally high, usually due to exposure to heat, infection, or certain medications. Hyperthermia can cause neurological complications, such as seizures, confusion, or coma. Therefore, the nurse should initiate seizure precautions for an adolescent who has hyperthermia to prevent injury and protect the airway.
Choice A is wrong because covering the adolescent with a thermal blanket would increase the body temperature and worsen hyperthermia. The nurse should remove excess clothing and use cooling measures, such as fans, ice packs, or cool fluids.
Choice B is wrong because submerging the adolescent’s feet in ice water would cause vasoconstriction and shivering, which would reduce heat loss and increase heat production. The nurse should avoid using extreme cold or ice water to cool the body.
Choice D is wrong because administering oral acetaminophen would not be effective for hyperthermia caused by non-infectious factors, such as heat exposure or medications.
Acetaminophen lowers the body temperature by reducing the hypothalamic set point, which is not altered in hyperthermia. Additionally, oral medications may be difficult to swallow or absorb in a hyperthermic patient.
Normal body temperature ranges from 36.5°C to 37.5°C (97.7°F to 99.5°F). Hyperthermia is defined as a body temperature above 38.5°C (101.3°F).
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