A nurse is providing education to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has been experiencing hypoglycemic episodes. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?

Keeping supplies on hand to treat hypoglycemic episodes is important.

Increasing exercise can help with hypoglycemia.

Clients with hypoglycemia cannot participate in religious/cultural fasting.

Clients will usually have obvious manifestations of hypoglycemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Keeping supplies on hand to treat hypoglycemic episodes is crucial for clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can occur suddenly and needs immediate treatment to prevent severe complications such as loss of consciousness or seizures. Supplies such as glucose tablets, juice, or candy can quickly raise blood sugar levels. The American Diabetes Association recommends that individuals with diabetes always carry a source of fast-acting carbohydrate to treat hypoglycemia. This proactive approach ensures that clients can manage their condition effectively and reduce the risk of severe hypoglycemic events.

Choice B reason:

Increasing exercise can help with hypoglycemia is not an appropriate statement. While regular exercise is beneficial for managing diabetes overall, it can actually increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially if not properly managed. Exercise increases insulin sensitivity, which can lower blood glucose levels. Therefore, clients need to monitor their blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise and adjust their carbohydrate intake or insulin dosage accordingly. Advising increased exercise without proper guidance on managing blood sugar levels can be dangerous for clients with type 1 diabetes.

Choice C reason:

Clients with hypoglycemia cannot participate in religious/cultural fasting is not entirely accurate. While fasting can pose challenges for individuals with diabetes, it is not impossible. Clients can participate in fasting with careful planning and medical supervision. They need to monitor their blood sugar levels more frequently and adjust their medication and food intake accordingly. Healthcare providers can work with clients to develop a plan that allows them to observe their religious or cultural practices safely. Therefore, a blanket statement that clients cannot participate in fasting is not appropriate.

Choice D reason:

Clients will usually have obvious manifestations of hypoglycemia is not always true. Hypoglycemia can present with a variety of symptoms, and not all clients will experience obvious signs. Common symptoms include shakiness, sweating, confusion, and irritability, but some individuals may have hypoglycemia unawareness, where they do not recognize the symptoms until their blood sugar levels are very low. This condition can be particularly dangerous as it increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is important for clients to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels rather than relying solely on symptoms.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Thickening of the walls of the ventricles is not typically associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). This condition is more characteristic of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), where the heart muscle becomes abnormally thick, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. In RCM, the walls of the ventricles are usually not thickened but become rigid due to fibrosis or infiltration, which restricts the heart’s ability to fill with blood during diastole.

Choice B reason:

Stretching of the ventricles is more commonly seen in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), not restrictive cardiomyopathy. In DCM, the heart’s ventricles become enlarged and weakened, which impairs the heart’s ability to pump blood efficiently. RCM, on the other hand, involves stiffening of the ventricular walls without significant dilation.

Choice C reason:

Thickening of the ventricular walls and septum is a hallmark of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), not restrictive cardiomyopathy. In HCM, the thickened walls can obstruct blood flow and lead to various complications. RCM is characterized by the stiffening of the ventricular walls due to fibrosis or infiltration, which restricts diastolic filling.

Choice D reason:

When the ventricular tissue becomes fibrous and fatty is the correct description of restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM). In RCM, the heart’s ventricles become stiff and less elastic due to fibrosis (scarring) or infiltration by abnormal substances, such as amyloid proteins. This rigidity impairs the heart’s ability to fill properly during diastole, leading to symptoms of heart failure

A. Take this medication with high-protein foods. B. Take this medication with a full glass of water or fruit juice. C. Take this medication before a meal or several hours after a meal. D. Take this medication during your morning meal.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Taking levothyroxine with high-protein foods can interfere with the absorption of the medication. High-protein foods can bind to the medication, reducing its effectiveness. Therefore, it is not recommended to take levothyroxine with high-protein foods.

Choice B Reason:

While it is important to take levothyroxine with a full glass of water to ensure the tablet is swallowed properly and to aid in its absorption, taking it with fruit juice is not recommended. Certain juices, like grapefruit juice, can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine.

Choice C Reason:

Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, ideally 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast or at least 3 to 4 hours after the last meal. This timing helps ensure optimal absorption of the medication. Food can significantly reduce the absorption of levothyroxine, making it less effective.

Choice D Reason:

Taking levothyroxine during a meal is not recommended because food can interfere with the absorption of the medication. It is best to take it on an empty stomach to ensure maximum absorption and effectiveness.

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A nurse is providing education to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has been experiencing hypoglycemic episodes. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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