A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who was admitted with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following teaching topics should be prioritized?

Frequency of urination

Change in appetite

Benefit of medical alert bracelet

Weight gain or loss

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A Reason:

While monitoring the frequency of urination is important for managing diabetes insipidus, it is not the most critical aspect of discharge teaching. Diabetes insipidus causes excessive urination, and patients should be aware of this symptom. However, understanding the importance of wearing a medical alert bracelet is more crucial for ensuring immediate and appropriate care in emergencies.

Choice B Reason:

Changes in appetite are not a primary concern for patients with diabetes insipidus. The condition primarily affects fluid balance and urine output rather than appetite. Therefore, this topic is less relevant compared to the need for a medical alert bracelet.

Choice C Reason:

The benefit of a medical alert bracelet is paramount for patients with diabetes insipidus. In case of an emergency, the bracelet can inform healthcare providers about the patient’s condition, ensuring they receive appropriate and timely treatment. This can be life-saving, especially if the patient is unable to communicate their medical history.

Choice D Reason:

Weight gain or loss can be a secondary concern for patients with diabetes insipidus, as the condition primarily affects fluid balance. While it is important to monitor weight to assess fluid status, it is not as critical as ensuring the patient understands the importance of wearing a medical alert bracelet.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Increased Serum Sodium

Increased serum sodium, or hypernatremia, is not consistent with SIADH. SIADH typically results in hyponatremia, which is a low level of sodium in the blood due to excessive water retention. The excess antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes the kidneys to retain water, diluting the sodium in the bloodstream. Therefore, increased serum sodium is not a characteristic finding in SIADH.

Choice B reason: Decreased Serum Osmolality

Decreased serum osmolality is a hallmark of SIADH3. Serum osmolality measures the concentration of solutes in the blood. In SIADH, the excessive release of ADH leads to water retention, diluting the blood and lowering serum osmolality. This is a key diagnostic feature of SIADH and helps differentiate it from other conditions.

Choice C reason: Decreased Urinary Sodium

Decreased urinary sodium is not typically seen in SIADH. In fact, patients with SIADH usually have increased urinary sodium levels. This is because the kidneys excrete more sodium in an attempt to balance the excess water retained due to high ADH levels. Therefore, decreased urinary sodium is not consistent with SIADH.

Choice D reason: Decreased Urine Osmolality

Decreased urine osmolality is also not consistent with SIADH. In SIADH, urine osmolality is typically increased because the kidneys concentrate the urine due to the action of ADH. The high levels of ADH cause the kidneys to reabsorb water, resulting in more concentrated urine. Thus, decreased urine osmolality is not a characteristic finding in SIADH.

A. Keeping supplies on hand to treat hypoglycemic episodes is important. B. Increasing exercise can help with hypoglycemia. C. Clients with hypoglycemia cannot participate in religious/cultural fasting. D. Clients will usually have obvious manifestations of hypoglycemia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Keeping supplies on hand to treat hypoglycemic episodes is crucial for clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can occur suddenly and needs immediate treatment to prevent severe complications such as loss of consciousness or seizures. Supplies such as glucose tablets, juice, or candy can quickly raise blood sugar levels. The American Diabetes Association recommends that individuals with diabetes always carry a source of fast-acting carbohydrate to treat hypoglycemia. This proactive approach ensures that clients can manage their condition effectively and reduce the risk of severe hypoglycemic events.

Choice B reason:

Increasing exercise can help with hypoglycemia is not an appropriate statement. While regular exercise is beneficial for managing diabetes overall, it can actually increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially if not properly managed. Exercise increases insulin sensitivity, which can lower blood glucose levels. Therefore, clients need to monitor their blood sugar levels before, during, and after exercise and adjust their carbohydrate intake or insulin dosage accordingly. Advising increased exercise without proper guidance on managing blood sugar levels can be dangerous for clients with type 1 diabetes.

Choice C reason:

Clients with hypoglycemia cannot participate in religious/cultural fasting is not entirely accurate. While fasting can pose challenges for individuals with diabetes, it is not impossible. Clients can participate in fasting with careful planning and medical supervision. They need to monitor their blood sugar levels more frequently and adjust their medication and food intake accordingly. Healthcare providers can work with clients to develop a plan that allows them to observe their religious or cultural practices safely. Therefore, a blanket statement that clients cannot participate in fasting is not appropriate.

Choice D reason:

Clients will usually have obvious manifestations of hypoglycemia is not always true. Hypoglycemia can present with a variety of symptoms, and not all clients will experience obvious signs. Common symptoms include shakiness, sweating, confusion, and irritability, but some individuals may have hypoglycemia unawareness, where they do not recognize the symptoms until their blood sugar levels are very low. This condition can be particularly dangerous as it increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is important for clients to regularly monitor their blood sugar levels rather than relying solely on symptoms.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who was admitted with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following teaching topics should be prioritized?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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