A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis with vegetation on the tricuspid valve. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Avoid sick contacts

You will require prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental procedures.

You can discontinue your antibiotics once you start feeling better.

Avoid physical activity for the next six months to allow your heart to heal completely.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Avoiding sick contacts is generally a good practice, but it is not the primary concern for a client with infective endocarditis. The focus is on preventing bacterial infections that could enter the bloodstream and affect the heart valves.
B. Prophylactic antibiotics are required before dental and invasive procedures to prevent bacterial endocarditis recurrence. The bacteria that cause infective endocarditis can enter the bloodstream through procedures that involve mucosal surfaces.
C. Discontinuing antibiotics when feeling better is incorrect. Infective endocarditis requires a full course of IV antibiotics, often lasting 4 to 6 weeks, to fully eradicate the infection and prevent complications.
D. Avoiding physical activity for six months is unnecessary unless the client has severe cardiac complications. However, clients should monitor for symptoms such as fatigue and consult their provider before engaging in strenuous activities.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Counting the number of QRS complexes in a 6-second strip and multiplying by 10 provides an estimate of the heart rate per minute.
B. Measuring T waves is used to assess repolarization abnormalities, not to determine heart rate.
C. While the monitor provides a heart rate reading, manual calculation is essential for verifying accuracy.
D. P waves indicate atrial activity but are not used to calculate the overall heart rate.

A. Hypernatremia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypokalemia D. Hyperkalemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia is incorrect. Furosemide can cause hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia due to increased sodium excretion.
B. Hypocalcemia is incorrect. While loop diuretics can cause some calcium loss, hypocalcemia is less common than hypokalemia.
C. Hypokalemia is correct. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases potassium excretion, leading to a risk of hypokalemia, which can cause muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and other complications.
D. Hyperkalemia is incorrect. Furosemide promotes potassium excretion, making hyperkalemia unlikely.

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A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis with vegetation on the tricuspid valve. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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