A nurse is providing care and education to a client after an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?

"Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion."

"These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves."

"These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues."

"Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Cardiac enzymes do not diagnose pulmonary congestion. Pulmonary congestion is typically assessed using imaging, such as a chest X-ray or echocardiography.
B. Cardiac enzyme tests do not assess heart structure or valve mobility. An echocardiogram or cardiac MRI is used for that purpose.
C. Cardiac enzymes, such as troponins and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), indicate the extent of myocardial damage and are essential for diagnosing and managing acute myocardial infarction.
D. Cardiac enzymes confirm myocardial injury but do not pinpoint the exact location of the infarction. The location is determined using ECG findings and imaging studies.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Osler Nodes – These are tender, painful nodules on the fingers and toes, a classic sign of infective endocarditis.
B. Splinter Hemorrhages – Tiny blood clots under the fingernails occur due to microembolization from infected heart valves.
C. Petechial Hemorrhaging – Small red or purple spots on the skin or mucous membranes occur due to embolization of infected material.
D. Janeway Lesions – Painless, flat, red spots on the palms and soles caused by microemboli.
E. Fever with Chills – A common systemic symptom due to infection and inflammation.

A. New systolic murmur B. Diminished breath sounds C. Diminished heart sounds D. Increased blood pressure

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A new systolic murmur is more indicative of valvular dysfunction or a septal defect rather than pericardial effusion.
B. Diminished breath sounds may be associated with atelectasis or pleural effusion but are not a hallmark finding of pericardial effusion.
C. Diminished heart sounds occur due to fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac, which muffles heart tones and is a key sign of pericardial effusion.
D. Increased blood pressure is not characteristic of pericardial effusion. Instead, pericardial effusion can lead to cardiac tamponade, which typically causes hypotension.

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A nurse is providing care and education to a client after an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with infectious endocarditis. The nurse is aware that which of the following are potential assessment findings? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client in a critical care unit who is 4 hours post-operative coronary artery bypass surgery. The nurse performs the reassessment and suspects the client may be developing a pericardial effusion. What assessment findings would the nurse note in this case?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). During the first cardiac rehabilitation session, the client tells the nurse, "I do not need to be here. I am feeling so much better, I can do this at home." Which of the following is the appropriate nursing response?

A nurse is caring for a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse is aware that which of the following are part of the assessment of cardiac pain? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY).

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A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client with chest pain who becomes unresponsive. The client is pulseless and apneic. The code team places the client on the monitor, which indicates ventricular fibrillation. What is the next priority action?

A nurse is assessing a patient with known mitral valve regurgitation. The nurse should expect to hear which of the following heart sounds?

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The nurse is aware that which of the following is the priority assessment finding for this patient?