A nurse is providing care and education to a client after an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?

"Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion."

"These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves."

"These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues."

"Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Cardiac enzymes do not diagnose pulmonary congestion. Pulmonary congestion is typically assessed using imaging, such as a chest X-ray or echocardiography.
B. Cardiac enzyme tests do not assess heart structure or valve mobility. An echocardiogram or cardiac MRI is used for that purpose.
C. Cardiac enzymes, such as troponins and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), indicate the extent of myocardial damage and are essential for diagnosing and managing acute myocardial infarction.
D. Cardiac enzymes confirm myocardial injury but do not pinpoint the exact location of the infarction. The location is determined using ECG findings and imaging studies.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Elevated troponins are the most specific and sensitive markers for myocardial injury. Troponin I and Troponin T levels rise within a few hours of an AMI and remain elevated for days, confirming cardiac damage.
B. Elevated hemoglobin is not an indicator of cardiac injury. Hemoglobin levels are used to assess oxygen-carrying capacity and anemia.
C. Elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a marker for heart failure, not acute myocardial infarction.
D. Elevated creatine kinase (CK), particularly CK-MB, can indicate muscle injury, including cardiac injury, but it is less specific than troponins for diagnosing AMI.

A. Nitroglycerin B. Atorvastatin C. Metformin D. Carvedilol

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Nitroglycerin is used for angina and does not interact with contrast material or increase the risk of acute kidney injury.
B. Atorvastatin, a statin medication, is not known to interact with contrast dye or cause kidney injury in this context.
C. Metformin is contraindicated with contrast dye because it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis, especially in clients with impaired renal function. It should be withheld before and after the procedure to prevent complications.
D. Carvedilol, a beta-blocker, is used for blood pressure and heart failure management but does not interfere with contrast dye.

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A nurse is providing care and education to a client after an acute myocardial infarction. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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