A nurse is providing breast self-examination teaching to a client who is menopausal. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching was effective? (Select all that apply.)
"I will make sure to feel for changes in my underarm area."
"It is important to press firmly when feeling my breasts to detect changes."
"I don't have to lie down to check my breasts. I can stand in the shower."
"If I feel a firm ridge in the lower curve of my breasts, I should report this immediately."
"Since I no longer have periods, I can perform an examination at any time of the month."
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
The correct answer is: a, b, c, and e.
Choice A: “I will make sure to feel for changes in my underarm area.”
Reason: This statement is correct because the underarm area (axilla) contains lymph nodes that can be affected by breast cancer. Including the underarm area in a breast self-exam helps in detecting any unusual lumps or changes that could indicate a problem.
Choice B: “It is important to press firmly when feeling my breasts to detect changes.”
Reason: This statement is correct because using firm pressure during a breast self-exam helps to feel the deeper tissues of the breast, which is essential for detecting any abnormalities or lumps that might be present.
Choice C: “I don’t have to lie down to check my breasts. I can stand in the shower.”
Reason: This statement is correct because performing a breast self-exam in the shower is a common and effective method. The wet and slippery skin makes it easier to feel for any changes or lumps in the breast tissue.
Choice D: “If I feel a firm ridge in the lower curve of my breasts, I should report this immediately.”
Reason: This statement is incorrect because it is normal to feel a firm ridge in the lower curve of the breast. This ridge is part of the normal breast anatomy and does not necessarily indicate a problem.
Choice E: “Since I no longer have periods, I can perform an examination at any time of the month.”
Reason: This statement is correct because menopausal women do not have menstrual cycles to guide the timing of their breast self-exams. Therefore, they can choose any consistent day each month to perform the exam.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Weight loss is a common finding in individuals with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Due to the lack of insulin, the body cannot utilize glucose effectively, leading to the breakdown of body fat and muscle for energy, resulting in weight loss.
Choice B reason:
Hematuria, or blood in the urine, is not a typical finding associated with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. While diabetes can cause kidney damage over time, leading to proteinuria, hematuria would not be an expected finding solely due to uncontrolled diabetes.
Choice C reason:
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not a common finding in uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. In fact, diabetes can sometimes cause autonomic neuropathy, which can affect the heart rate, but this typically does not result in bradycardia.
Choice D reason:
Hypertension is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, often due to insulin resistance. In type 1 diabetes, especially when uncontrolled, hypertension is not a typical finding unless there is coexisting kidney damage.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Using an antibiotic ointment is not typically recommended as a preventive measure for skin integrity during radiation therapy. Antibiotic ointments are used to treat bacterial infections, and their use should be directed by a healthcare provider if an infection is present or there is skin breakdown.
Choice B reason:
It is important not to apply heat to the area of irradiation as heat can increase skin irritation and the risk of burns in the treated area. Patients undergoing radiation therapy are advised to avoid heat sources, including heating pads, hot water bottles, and direct sunlight, to prevent further damage to the skin.
Choice C reason:
Lubricating the skin with hypoallergenic lotion can help maintain skin integrity by keeping it moisturized. However, it is crucial to use lotions that are free of metals, alcohol, perfumes, and dyes, as these can react with radiation and cause skin irritation. Lotions should be applied after radiation therapy sessions and not immediately before treatment.
Choice D reason:
The instruction not to wash the area of irradiation is incorrect. It is essential to keep the skin clean to reduce the risk of infection. Patients should gently wash the irradiated area with lukewarm water and mild soap, and pat the area dry with a soft towel. They should avoid scrubbing or using harsh soaps that can irritate the skin.
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