A nurse is providing a presentation to colleagues on emphysema. Which of the following subtypes should the nurse identify as having a complication of pneumothorax?

Proximal acinar emphysema

Centrilobular emphysema

Panacinar emphysema

Distal acinar emphysema

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Proximal acinar emphysema: This subtype typically affects the central or proximal parts of the acini, and it is less commonly associated with pneumothorax. The condition primarily affects the respiratory bronchioles.
B. Centrilobular emphysema: Centrilobular emphysema involves the upper lobes and is commonly associated with smoking, but it does not directly lead to pneumothorax as often as distal acinar emphysema.
C. Panacinar emphysema: Panacinar emphysema affects the entire acinus, including the alveoli. Although it can cause significant respiratory issues, it is less strongly associated with pneumothorax compared to distal acinar emphysema.
D. Distal acinar emphysema: Distal acinar emphysema involves the distal parts of the acinus and is often seen in the upper lobes of the lungs. It is strongly associated with the development of pneumothorax, as the damage to the lung tissue can lead to spontaneous ruptures in the alveolar walls, causing air to leak into the pleural space.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Metabolic alkalosis: This condition is characterized by an elevated pH above 7.45 and an increased bicarbonate level. In this case, the pH is low and the HCO₃⁻ is also decreased, ruling out metabolic alkalosis.
B. Metabolic acidosis, uncompensated: A pH of 7.25 indicates acidemia, and a bicarbonate level of 16 mEq/L confirms a metabolic origin. The PaCO₂ is normal at 40 mmHg, indicating that respiratory compensation has not yet occurred, making this an uncompensated metabolic acidosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis: Respiratory acidosis involves a low pH and elevated PaCO₂ due to hypoventilation. This client’s PaCO₂ is within normal range, so respiratory causes can be ruled out.
D. Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated: This condition presents with a high pH and low PaCO₂, typically due to hyperventilation. The client has an acidic pH and a normal PaCO₂, which does not support respiratory alkalosis.

A. Provide the client with grooming supplies and a private area to bathe. B. Call the client's home for someone to pick up the client C. Retain the client's cell phone for evidence. D. Send the client's clothes to the laundry before returning the items to the client.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Provide the client with grooming supplies and a private area to bathe: After evidence collection and medical treatment are complete, allowing the client to bathe in privacy supports their dignity and helps restore a sense of control. This is a therapeutic and appropriate step prior to discharge.
B. Call the client's home for someone to pick up the client: Contacting someone without the client's consent could breach confidentiality and potentially endanger the client, especially if the assailant lives in the same household.
C. Retain the client's cell phone for evidence: The nurse does not have the authority to confiscate personal property like a cell phone. Evidence collection must follow legal protocols, typically involving law enforcement and forensic teams.
D. Send the client's clothes to the laundry before returning the items to the client: The client's clothing may be part of the forensic evidence. Washing or returning them before proper processing would compromise the legal chain of custody.

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A nurse is providing a presentation to colleagues on emphysema. Which of the following subtypes should the nurse identify as having a complication of pneumothorax?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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