A nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client has an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

Anxiety, unintended weight loss, palpitations

Fatigue, constipation, weight gain

Increased thirst, increased urine output, and weight los

Shakiness, sweating, nausea

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Anxiety, unintended weight loss, palpitations: These symptoms are consistent with hyperthyroidism, where excess thyroid hormone speeds up metabolism. Hyperthyroidism is typically associated with low TSH levels due to negative feedback suppression of the pituitary gland.
B. Fatigue, constipation, weight gain: These are classic symptoms of hypothyroidism, where a deficiency of thyroid hormones slows metabolic processes. An elevated TSH level reflects the pituitary's response to low circulating thyroid hormone, attempting to stimulate the thyroid to produce more.
C. Increased thirst, increased urine output, and weight loss: These symptoms point to hyperglycemia or conditions like diabetes mellitus, not thyroid dysfunction. They are due to glucose imbalances rather than altered thyroid hormone or TSH levels.
D. Shakiness, sweating, nausea: These symptoms are typically seen in hypoglycemia or acute adrenal issues, where blood glucose or cortisol levels drop. They do not correspond with thyroid hormone imbalances or elevated TSH.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Laminectomy: A laminectomy, while performed to relieve spinal nerve compression, may alter the biomechanics of the spine and lead to long-term instability. Over time, this can accelerate degeneration in adjacent spinal segments, increasing the risk for spinal stenosis recurrence or progression.
B. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism affects metabolic rate and cardiovascular function but does not contribute to degenerative changes or structural narrowing of the spinal canal. It has no direct link to the development of spinal stenosis.
C. Hysterectomy: Although a hysterectomy may affect hormone levels, it has no anatomical relationship to the spine. It is not recognized as a contributing factor to the spinal canal narrowing seen in spinal stenosis.
D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: COPD leads to respiratory impairment and reduced activity tolerance but is not associated with spinal degeneration. It does not cause the structural changes necessary for spinal stenosis to develop.

A. "Clients who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes have a decreased risk of breast cancer." B. "Clients should begin screening mammography annually by the age of 30 years old." C. "Breastfeeding increases the risk of breast cancer in women over 40 years of age." D. "Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Clients who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene changes have a decreased risk of breast cancer.":
Individuals with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations actually have an increased risk of developing breast cancer, not a decreased one. These gene mutations significantly increase the likelihood of breast and ovarian cancers.
B. "Clients should begin screening mammography annually by the age of 30 years old.":
The general recommendation is to begin annual mammography screenings at age 40 for average-risk women, with earlier screening only recommended for those at high risk due to family history or genetic factors.
C. "Breastfeeding increases the risk of breast cancer in women over 40 years of age.":
Breastfeeding has been shown to lower the risk of breast cancer, especially for women who breastfeed for longer durations. It does not increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
D. "Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast, but ductal breast cancer is most common.":
Breast cancer can develop in any part of the breast, but ductal carcinoma, which originates in the milk ducts, is the most common form of breast cancer.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes that a client has an elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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