A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and a CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for?
Hepatitis
Tuberculosis
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hepatitis is a concern for individuals with HIV, but it is not specifically indicated by a low CD4-T-cell count.
B. A CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³ indicates severe immunosuppression, making the client highly susceptible to opportunistic infections like tuberculosis, which is common in individuals with HIV.
C. While gonorrhea is a risk for sexually active individuals, it is not specifically related to the low CD4-T-cell count.
D. Chlamydia is also a sexually transmitted infection, but similar to gonorrhea, it is not directly linked to the immunocompromised state indicated by the CD4-T-cell count.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","H"]
Explanation
The nurse anticipates the following orders from the provider based on the suspected diagnosis:
- A. IV antibiotics: To treat the suspected infection.
- C. Chest x-ray: To assess the lungs for signs of infection, such as pneumonia.
- E. Admit to inpatient: The client's worsening condition and need for aggressive treatment warrant hospitalization.
- H. Complete blood count: To assess the client's overall health status and identify any abnormalities, such as anemia or infection.
Rationale:
- B. Urinalysis: While a urinalysis can be helpful in assessing for urinary tract infections, it is not a priority in this case.
- D. Chest tube placement: This is not indicated unless the client develops a pleural effusion or pneumothorax.
- F. Airborne precautions: This is not necessary for the client's current condition.
- G. Draw an STI lab panel: While this may be relevant for the client's overall health, it is not a priority at this time, especially given the client's acute presentation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Binding is the initial step where the HIV virus attaches to the CD4 receptor on the host cell's surface. This interaction is crucial for the subsequent entry of the virus into the host cell.
B. Integration occurs later in the lifecycle, after the virus has entered the host cell and its RNA is converted to DNA.
C. Fusion refers to the process where the viral envelope fuses with the host cell membrane to allow entry into the cell, which follows the binding stage.
D. Reverse Transcription is the process of converting viral RNA into DNA after the virus has entered the host cell, and is not involved in the attachment phase.
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