A nurse is preparing to administer pentamidine 4 mg/kg IM to a client who weighs 154 lb. Available is pentamidine 100 mg/mL for injection. How many mL should the nurse administer?
(Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because a dry cough is not a common or serious side effect of hydralazine. A dry cough is more likely to occur with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which are another class of antihypertensive drugs.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because hydralazine does not cause a low heart rate. In fact, hydralazine can cause a reflex increase in heart rate as a result of lowering the blood pressure. This is why hydralazine is often given with a beta-blocker, which can slow down the heart rate.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because hydralazine does not interact with birth control. However, the nurse should advise the client to use effective contraception while taking hydralazine, as this medication can cause fetal harm if used during pregnancy.

Choice D reason: This is correct because hydralazine can cause orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions. This can lead to dizziness, fainting, and falls. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid getting up too quickly and to ask for assistance if needed.

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect because stomach distension and constipation are not common side effects of furosemide. They may be related to other causes, such as diet, fluid intake, or medication interactions. The nurse should assess the client's abdominal status and bowel habits and provide appropriate interventions, such as increasing fiber, fluids, or laxatives.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because IV site irritation, redness, and pain are not specific side effects of furosemide. They may be caused by other factors, such as infection, infiltration, or phlebitis. The nurse should inspect the IV site and catheter and change them if needed. The nurse should also monitor the client's vital signs and blood cultures for signs of infection.

Choice C reason: This choice is correct because hearing loss or impairment is a rare but serious side effect of furosemide. It can occur due to damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. It may be temporary or permanent, depending on the dose and duration of furosemide therapy. The nurse should stop the infusion of furosemide and notify the provider immediately. The nurse should also assess the client's hearing and balance and provide safety measures.

Choice D reason: This choice is incorrect because frequent urination is an expected effect of furosemide. Furosemide is a diuretic that increases the excretion of water and electrolytes through the urine. It helps to reduce fluid overload and edema in clients with heart failure. The nurse should measure and record the client's intake and output and monitor the client's fluid and electrolyte status.