A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?

Smallpox

Anthrax

Ebola virus

Sarin gas

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Smallpox

Smallpox is a viral disease caused by the variola virus. It was eradicated globally in 1980 through a successful vaccination campaign. Treatment for smallpox primarily involves supportive care and antiviral medications, such as tecovirimat, rather than antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is ineffective against viral infections, including smallpox.

Choice B reason: Anthrax

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Ciprofloxacin is one of the primary antibiotics used for the treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial replication. Ciprofloxacin is effective against both cutaneous and inhalational forms of anthrax, making it a critical component in the management of anthrax exposure.

Choice C reason: Ebola virus

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by the Ebola virus, a member of the Filoviridae family. Treatment for EVD primarily involves supportive care, including rehydration and management of symptoms. Antiviral medications, such as remdesivir, may also be used. Ciprofloxacin, being an antibiotic, is not effective against viral infections like Ebola.

Choice D reason: Sarin gas

Sarin gas is a highly toxic nerve agent used in chemical warfare. Exposure to sarin gas requires immediate medical intervention, including the administration of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime, as well as supportive care. Antibiotics like ciprofloxacin are not used in the treatment of chemical agent exposure, as they do not counteract the effects of nerve agents.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Chicken broth: Chicken broth is part of a clear liquid diet, which is typically recommended immediately after surgery to ensure the digestive system is not overburdened. While nutritious, it does not meet the criteria for a full liquid diet, which includes more substantial liquids.

Choice B reason:

Flavored gelatin: Flavored gelatin is also a component of a clear liquid diet. It is easy to digest and provides some hydration and minimal calories. However, it does not provide the nutritional value needed for a full liquid diet.

Choice C reason:

Cranberry juice: Cranberry juice is another item that fits within a clear liquid diet. It is hydrating and provides some vitamins but lacks the protein and calories necessary for a full liquid diet.

Choice D reason:

Skim milk: Skim milk is appropriate for a full liquid diet. It provides essential nutrients, including protein, calcium, and vitamins, which are necessary for recovery after surgery4. Full liquid diets are designed to be more nutritious than clear liquid diets and include items like milk, cream soups, and smooth dairy products.

A. Sudden decrease in abdominal pain. B. Absence of Rovsing’s sign. C. Low-grade fever. D. Rigid abdomen.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A sudden decrease in abdominal pain can indicate that the appendix has perforated. When the appendix bursts, the pressure is relieved, leading to a temporary reduction in pain. However, this is quickly followed by severe pain and signs of peritonitis, such as a rigid abdomen and high fever.

Choice B reason:

The absence of Rovsing’s sign is not a specific indicator of a perforated appendix. Rovsing’s sign is a clinical test used to diagnose appendicitis, where pain is elicited in the right lower quadrant when the left lower quadrant is palpated. Its absence does not necessarily indicate perforation.

Choice C reason:

A low-grade fever is a common symptom of appendicitis but does not specifically indicate perforation. A perforated appendix typically leads to a high fever due to the spread of infection within the abdomen.

Choice D reason:

A rigid abdomen is a sign of peritonitis, which can occur after the appendix has perforated. While this is an important symptom, the sudden decrease in pain followed by severe symptoms is more indicative of perforation.

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A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care for a client who is 2 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and is about to progress from a clear liquid diet to full liquids. Which of the following items should the nurse tell the client he may now request to have on his meal tray?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who is admitted with suspected acute appendicitis. Which of the following manifestations should indicate to the nurse that the child’s appendix is perforated?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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