A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin to a client. The nurse should identify that the medication is treatment for exposure to which of the following agents?
Smallpox
Anthrax
Ebola virus
Sarin gas
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Smallpox
Smallpox is a viral disease caused by the variola virus. It was eradicated globally in 1980 through a successful vaccination campaign. Treatment for smallpox primarily involves supportive care and antiviral medications, such as tecovirimat, rather than antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is ineffective against viral infections, including smallpox.
Choice B reason: Anthrax
Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Ciprofloxacin is one of the primary antibiotics used for the treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, which is essential for bacterial replication. Ciprofloxacin is effective against both cutaneous and inhalational forms of anthrax, making it a critical component in the management of anthrax exposure.
Choice C reason: Ebola virus
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by the Ebola virus, a member of the Filoviridae family. Treatment for EVD primarily involves supportive care, including rehydration and management of symptoms. Antiviral medications, such as remdesivir, may also be used. Ciprofloxacin, being an antibiotic, is not effective against viral infections like Ebola.
Choice D reason: Sarin gas
Sarin gas is a highly toxic nerve agent used in chemical warfare. Exposure to sarin gas requires immediate medical intervention, including the administration of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime, as well as supportive care. Antibiotics like ciprofloxacin are not used in the treatment of chemical agent exposure, as they do not counteract the effects of nerve agents.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["100"]
Explanation
The answer is 100.
Step 1: Determine the total volume to be infused. = 200 mL
Step 2: Determine the total time for infusion. = 2 hours
Step 3: Calculate the infusion rate in mL/hr. Calculation: 200 mL ÷ 2 hours = 100 mL/hr
The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 100 mL/hr.
Correct Answer is ["2.0"]
Explanation
To calculate the dosage, follow these steps:
Step 1: Identify the prescribed dose.
The prescribed dose is 25 mg.
Result: 25 mg.
Step 2: Identify the concentration of the medication.
The concentration is 12.5 mg/mL.
Result: 12.5 mg/mL.
Step 3: Calculate the volume to administer.
Volume (mL) = (Prescribed dose in mg) ÷ (Concentration in mg/mL).
Volume (mL) = 25 mg ÷ 12.5 mg/mL.
Volume (mL) = 2 mL.
Result: 2 mL.
So, the nurse should administer 2.0 mL of diphenhydramine elixir per dose.
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