A nurse is caring for a client who is participating in a research study for an experimental chemotherapy medication. After three treatments, the experimental medication is discontinued due to evidence of rapidly advancing kidney failure. Which of the following ethical principles was demonstrated?

Veracity.

Autonomy.

Nonmaleficence.

Fidelity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty in communication between the healthcare provider and the client. It involves providing accurate information and not deceiving the client. Discontinuing the experimental medication due to kidney failure demonstrates a commitment to the truth, but the primary ethical principle demonstrated here is nonmaleficence.

Choice B rationale:

Autonomy refers to respecting the client's right to make their own decisions about their healthcare. In this scenario, the medication was discontinued due to evidence of harm to the client's health. This action prioritizes the client's well-being over their autonomy to continue the treatment.

Choice C rationale:

Nonmaleficence, or the principle of "do no harm," is demonstrated in this scenario. The experimental medication was discontinued because it was causing rapidly advancing kidney failure. The healthcare provider's decision to stop the treatment is an example of prioritizing the client's safety and well-being by preventing further harm.

Choice D rationale:

Fidelity refers to being loyal, keeping promises, and maintaining trust in the nurse-client relationship. While this principle is important, it doesn't directly apply to the situation described, where the focus is on the ethical responsibility to prevent harm.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Decreased heart rate is not an anticipated finding in response to acute pain. Pain typically triggers sympathetic nervous system activation, leading to an increased heart rate as a physiological response to the stressor.

Choice B rationale:

Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with acute pain. Acute pain is more likely to induce a sympathetic response, which can lead to decreased gastrointestinal motility and hypoactive bowel sounds.

Choice C rationale:

Decreased blood pressure is not a common response to acute pain. Pain often leads to an increase in blood pressure due to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the release of stress hormones.

Choice D rationale:

Increased respiratory rate is the anticipated finding in response to acute pain. Acute pain can cause an increase in the sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to a higher respiratory rate as the body prepares for a fight-or-flight response. This increased respiratory rate helps oxygenate the blood and meet the potential increased demand for energy during stress.

A. Femoral. B. Popliteal. C. Brachial. D. Carotid.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice B rationale:

The nurse should avoid assessing the popliteal pulse bilaterally at the same time. The popliteal pulse is located behind the knee and is relatively deep. Applying pressure on both sides of the knee to assess this pulse simultaneously can obstruct blood flow to the lower extremities. This is a particularly important consideration for clients with compromised circulation, such as those with peripheral vascular disease. Assessing this pulse sequentially is a safer approach.

Choice A rationale:

Assessing the femoral pulse bilaterally at the same time is generally acceptable. The femoral pulse is located in the groin area, and assessing it bilaterally doesn't impede blood flow significantly.

Choice C rationale:

Assessing the brachial pulse bilaterally at the same time is generally acceptable. The brachial pulse is located in the upper arm, and simultaneous assessment is unlikely to cause circulatory compromise.

Choice D rationale:

Assessing the carotid pulse bilaterally at the same time is discouraged. The carotid arteries are located in the neck, and applying bilateral pressure here can lead to reduced blood flow to the brain, potentially causing syncope (fainting) or other adverse effects. It's safer to assess this pulse sequentially.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is participating in a research study for an experimental chemotherapy medication. After three treatments, the experimental medication is discontinued due to evidence of rapidly advancing kidney failure. Which of the following ethical principles was demonstrated?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who reports acute pain. The nurse should anticipate which of the following findings?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A Medical-Surgical nurse is assessing a client's circulatory system. Which of the following pulse sites should the nurse avoid assessing bilaterally at the same time?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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