A nurse is preparing to administer 1 mg vitamin K to a newborn. The medication is available in 1 mg/0.5 mL. How much should the nurse administer?

(Round to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero when applicable. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Choice A reason:

Akathisia: Akathisia is characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and an inability to stay still. It often manifests as constant movement, such as pacing or fidgeting. While akathisia is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications, it does not typically involve involuntary movements of the tongue and face.

Choice B reason:

Tardive dyskinesia: Tardive dyskinesia is a serious and often irreversible side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, including chlorpromazine. It is characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements, particularly of the face, tongue, and jaw. These movements can include lip smacking, tongue protrusion, and grimacing. This condition is a result of prolonged dopamine receptor blockade in the brain.

Choice C reason:

Dystonia: Dystonia involves sustained muscle contractions that cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. It can affect any part of the body, including the neck, face, and limbs. While dystonia can be a side effect of antipsychotic medications, it typically presents as muscle spasms rather than the repetitive, involuntary movements seen in tardive dyskinesia.

Choice A Reason:

Constipation is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually speeds up the body’s metabolism, leading to symptoms like increased bowel movements or diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice B Reason:

Sensitivity to cold is more commonly associated with hypothyroidism, where the body’s metabolism slows down. In hyperthyroidism, patients often experience heat intolerance due to an increased metabolic rate.

Choice C Reason:

Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lbs) in 3 weeks is also more indicative of hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism generally causes weight loss despite an increased appetite because of the accelerated metabolism.

Choice D Reason:

Frequent mood changes are a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. The excess thyroid hormones can affect the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, and mood swings.