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A nurse is performing an assessment of a female client in the clinic. The client reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, "I bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?" Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?

"If you take too many showers, you are more susceptible to getting a UTI because you are washing o? the protective bacteria."

"As a female, you have a shorter urethra, creating an easier way for bacteria to invade your bladder."

"As a female, you have more E. coli in your gastrointestinal system that can enter the bladder through your urethra."

"At your age, you have more sexual intercourse than older females, making you more likely to get a UTI."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Taking too many showers does not increase susceptibility to UTIs by washing o? protective bacteria. This is a misconception.

Choice B reason: Females do have a shorter urethra than males, which makes it easier for bacteria to reach the bladder and cause infections.

Choice C reason: While E. coli is a common bacteria causing UTIs, stating that females have more E. coli is incorrect and not a reason for increased UTIs.

Choice D reason: Sexual activity can increase the risk of UTIs, but it is not appropriate to assume that the client's age correlates with increased sexual activity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: As CKD progresses, the kidneys' ability to filter blood decreases, leading to an increase in urine albumin, a sign of kidney damage.

Choice B reason: GFR would decrease, not increase, as CKD progresses because the kidneys' filtering capacity diminishes.

Choice C reason: Creatinine levels would increase, not decrease, as kidney function worsens in CKD.

Choice D reason: Proteinuria would increase, not decrease, as CKD progresses due to the kidneys' impaired filtering

ability

A. "I should increase my sodium intake." B. "I should expect my provider to prescribe a kidney biopsy." C. "I can expect to have swelling in my face." D. "I will lose protein in my urine."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Clients with nephrotic syndrome are usually advised to decrease sodium intake to manage edema, not increase it.

Choice B reason: A kidney biopsy may be prescribed to determine the cause of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement does not indicate a need for further teaching.

Choice C reason: Swelling, particularly in the face, is a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention.

Choice D reason: Losing protein in the urine is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, so this statement is accurate.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has progressing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse expect to find in the client's electronic health record?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client in a clinic who has foul-smelling urine, a low-grade fever of 37.7°C (100°F), and pain with urination. Which of the following should the nurse expect the health care provider to order? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client about self-administered peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?

A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values?

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?