A nurse is performing a digital examination on a client who is at 34 weeks of gestation and has pre-term labor.
Which of the following findings indicates cervical effacement?
Cervix is soft and pliable
Cervix is shortened and thinned
Cervix is dilated and open
Cervix is posterior and high
The Correct Answer is B
Cervix is shortened and thinned. This indicates cervical effacement, which is the thinning and softening of the cervix in preparation for childbirth. Cervical effacement is measured in percentages, from 0% (no effacement) to 100% (fully effaced).
Choice A is wrong because cervix is soft and pliable does not necessarily mean it is effaced. The cervix can soften before it thins and shortens.
Choice C is wrong because cervix is dilated and open indicates cervical dilation, which is the opening of the cervix. Cervical dilation is measured in centimeters, from 0 cm (closed) to 10 cm (fully dilated).
Cervical dilation and effacement are related, but not the same.
Choice D is wrong because cervix is posterior and high indicates the position of the cervix in relation to the vagina. The cervix can move from posterior (back) to anterior (front) and from high to low as labor progresses.
The position of the cervix does not indicate effacement.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
All of the above.The nurse should include all of these signs and symptoms in the teaching as they may indicate pre-term labor.Pre-term labor occurs when regular contractions begin to open the cervix before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
Choice A is wrong because decreased fetal movement is not a normal sign of pre-term labor, but it may indicate fetal distress or other complications.
Choice B is wrong because increased vaginal discharge is not a normal sign of pre-term labor, but it may indicate infection or rupture of membranes.
Choice C is wrong because pelvic pressure is not a normal sign of pre-term labor, but it may indicate cervical dilation or descent of the fetus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
According to the search results, magnesium sulfate can have a negative effect on the fetal heart rate (FHR) by lowering the baseline, decreasing the variability, and reducing the reactivity or acceleration pattern.Absent variability means that there is no fluctuation in the FHR and it indicates fetal hypoxia or acidosis.
This is a potential adverse effect of magnesium sulfate on the fetus and requires immediate intervention.
Choice A.Accelerations is wrong because accelerations are transient increases in the FHR that indicate fetal well-being.They are not affected by magnesium sulfate.
Choice B.Early decelerations is wrong because early decelerations are decreases in the FHR that occur with uterine contractions and are caused by fetal head compression.They are benign and do not indicate fetal distress.They are not associated with magnesium sulfate.
Choice C.Variable decelerations is wrong because variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in the FHR that vary in shape, duration, and timing and are caused by umbilical cord compression.
They may or may not indicate fetal compromise.
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