A nurse is obtaining informed consent from a client prior to surgery. Which of the following is necessary for informed consent to be valid? (Select all that apply.)

Client understands the surgical procedure

Voluntary consent is given

Client's ability to read the consent form

Client's ability to pay for the consented surgical procedure

Disclosure of the treatment is provided

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. Client understands the surgical procedure:

The client should have a clear understanding of the proposed surgical procedure, its risks, benefits, alternatives, and potential complications.

B. Voluntary consent is given:

The client's consent should be given voluntarily, without coercion or pressure from healthcare providers or others.

C. Client's ability to read the consent form:

While it is helpful for clients to be able to read the consent form, the ability to read the form is not a requirement for valid consent. The information should be explained verbally if the client cannot read.

D. Client's ability to pay for the consented surgical procedure:

The client's ability to pay for the procedure is not a factor in obtaining informed consent. Financial considerations do not affect the validity of the consent.

E. Disclosure of the treatment is provided:

Healthcare providers must disclose information about the proposed treatment, including its nature, purpose, risks, benefits, and potential alternatives, allowing the client to make an informed decision.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. A client who has had prolonged diarrhea:

Prolonged diarrhea is not typically associated with an increased risk of aspiration during eating.

B. A client who has lactose intolerance:

Lactose intolerance primarily affects the ability to digest lactose-containing foods and does not directly increase the risk of aspiration.

C. A client who has had radiation therapy for head and neck cancer:

Radiation therapy to the head and neck can cause damage to the structures involved in swallowing, increasing the risk of aspiration.

D. A client who has had a stroke:

Stroke can affect the coordination of swallowing muscles, leading to dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) and an increased risk of aspiration.

E. A client who is 4 hr postoperative following a leg amputation under general anesthesia:

Postoperative clients under general anesthesia may experience impaired protective airway reflexes, making them prone to aspiration. It's important to monitor these clients closely during the initial recovery period.

A. Inject the medication deep into the thigh muscle. B. Easy bruising indicates the medication is effective. C. Expect stools to become black and tarry. D. Use a soft bristle toothbrush.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Inject the medication deep into the thigh muscle.

This statement is incorrect for subcutaneous heparin administration. Heparin is typically administered subcutaneously in the fatty tissue just under the skin, not into the muscle. Intramuscular injection is not appropriate for heparin.

B. Easy bruising indicates the medication is effective.

This statement is inaccurate. Easy bruising is not an indicator of the effectiveness of heparin. In fact, excessive bruising can be a side effect of anticoagulant therapy, indicating a potential issue with bleeding or clotting.

C. Expect stools to become black and tarry.

This statement is more relevant to medications like iron supplements or upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is not a common side effect of subcutaneous heparin.

D. Use a soft bristle toothbrush.

This statement is correct. It is important for individuals on anticoagulant therapy, such as heparin, to use a soft bristle toothbrush to minimize the risk of bleeding and gum irritation. Hard bristle toothbrushes can cause gum bleeding, especially in individuals with a tendency for bleeding due to anticoagulant use.

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A nurse is obtaining informed consent from a client prior to surgery. Which of the following is necessary for informed consent to be valid? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having an increased risk for aspiration while eating? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start subcutaneous heparin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 500 mg PO. Available is amoxicillin 250 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

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