A nurse is leading a critical incident stress debriefing with a group of staff members following a mass trauma Incident. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

Reassure staff members that the debriefing is confidential.

Have staff members discuss their involvement in the event.

Ask staff members to describe their most traumatic memories of the event.

Provide stress-management exercises to the staff members.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Reassure staff members that the debriefing is confidential:
Explanation: This step is crucial in establishing trust among the participants. Reassuring confidentiality encourages individuals to express their feelings and experiences openly. It helps create a safe environment where people can share their emotions without fear of judgment or repercussions.

B. Have staff members discuss their involvement in the event:
Explanation: After establishing confidentiality, it might be appropriate to encourage participants to discuss their involvement in the event. This allows individuals to share their perspectives and experiences, helping others understand the situation from different angles. Sharing experiences can provide insights into how different people were affected and how they coped.

C. Ask staff members to describe their most traumatic memories of the event:
Explanation: While it might be a natural inclination to immediately delve into the most traumatic memories, it's generally not the first step in a critical incident stress debriefing. Encouraging participants to share their most traumatic memories right away could be overwhelming and retraumatizing. The process usually begins with establishing trust and then progresses to discussing individual experiences, gradually leading to more specific and potentially distressing details.

D. Provide stress-management exercises to the staff members:
Explanation: Stress-management exercises are valuable and often an essential part of the debriefing process. However, introducing stress-management techniques usually comes after participants have had the opportunity to express their feelings and experiences. These exercises can include relaxation techniques, breathing exercises, or mindfulness practices, which help individuals manage their stress and anxiety effectively.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. A family member of the client:
Using a family member might seem like a natural choice, but it could lead to issues of confidentiality, especially if the client does not want their family to know about their situation. Moreover, there could be bias or hesitancy to discuss certain matters in the presence of a family member.

B. A translator of the same gender as the client:
This choice is ideal because individuals might feel more comfortable discussing personal and sensitive topics with someone of the same gender due to cultural or personal reasons. This can foster trust and open communication, crucial in support groups addressing sensitive matters like substance use disorders.

C. A unit secretary who speaks the same language as the client:
While this person might be fluent in the language, their role as a unit secretary might create discomfort for the client. They may not feel as at ease discussing personal issues with someone in a different professional role, even if they share the same language.

D. Another client who speaks the same language as the client:
While peer support can be beneficial, using another client as a translator can compromise the confidentiality and professionalism of the support group. It’s important to maintain boundaries and ensure that communication is facilitated by a professional translator or staff member, especially in sensitive and confidential settings like therapy or support groups.

A. Long-term isolation B. Dysthymic disorder C. Alcohol intoxication D. Schizoid personality disorder

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Long-term isolation: Long-term isolation, or social isolation, can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression. While prolonged isolation can contribute to mental health issues, it is not a direct risk factor for violent behavior. People who are socially isolated might suffer from emotional distress, but it doesn't necessarily make them violent.

B. Dysthymic disorder: Dysthymic disorder, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is a type of chronic depression. While individuals with dysthymic disorder may experience low moods and a lack of interest in activities, it doesn't inherently make them prone to violence. Depression is more likely to cause self-directed harm (such as self-harm or suicide) rather than violent behavior towards others.

C. Alcohol intoxication: Alcohol is a substance that impairs judgment and reduces inhibitions. When a person is intoxicated, they may act aggressively or violently, even in situations where they wouldn't normally do so. Alcohol intoxication can lead to a loss of control, impaired decision-making, and aggressive behavior, making it a significant risk factor for violent actions.

D. Schizoid personality disorder: Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, emotional coldness, and detachment. While individuals with this disorder may prefer to be alone and avoid social interactions, they are not necessarily prone to violent behavior. Schizoid personality disorder primarily affects social functioning rather than predisposing someone to violence.

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A nurse is leading a critical incident stress debriefing with a group of staff members following a mass trauma Incident. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take first?

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