A nurse is teaching a client about the use of cognitive reframing for stress management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A. Reaction Formation:
Reaction formation is a defense mechanism where an individual expresses feelings or behaviors that are the opposite of their true feelings or impulses. For example, someone who harbors unconscious aggressive feelings might display exaggerated friendliness and kindness. In the given scenario, the behavior of the newly licensed nurse is not contradictory to their true feelings; they are imitating the charge nurse willingly.

B. Suppression:
Suppression is a conscious effort to push down or hide certain thoughts or feelings. Unlike repression (which is unconscious), suppression involves a deliberate choice not to think about or dwell on certain emotions or thoughts. In the scenario, the behavior of the newly licensed nurse is not an example of suppression because they are not consciously trying to hide their actions.

C. Identification:
Identification is a defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously models their behavior, feelings, or attitudes after those of someone else, especially someone they perceive as powerful or significant. In this scenario, the newly licensed nurse is imitating the behaviors of the charge nurse, which is an example of identification.

D. Compensation:
Compensation is a defense mechanism where an individual consciously or unconsciously covers up weaknesses, frustrations, or feelings of inadequacy by emphasizing strengths or seeking to excel in other areas. It involves making up for a perceived lack by putting extra effort into another aspect of life. The scenario does not describe the newly licensed nurse compensating for any perceived weakness; they are simply imitating the charge nurse's behavior.

A. "I will do my best to avoid crying in front of my loved ones."
This statement suggests the client might be trying to hide their emotions, which can lead to further emotional distress. Suppressing emotions, like crying, is not a healthy coping mechanism and can exacerbate feelings of sadness and isolation.

B. “I will stay in bed on days when I feel exhausted."
Staying in bed excessively, especially during the day, is a behavior associated with depression and can worsen depressive symptoms. Encouraging the client to maintain a regular sleep schedule and engage in activities, even if they are small, is a more beneficial approach. Physical activity and exposure to natural light can positively impact mood.

C. “I’ll use the coping mechanisms that helped me in the past."
This is the correct choice. Reverting to previously effective coping mechanisms indicates an understanding of self-awareness and the ability to recognize what has worked positively in the past. Coping mechanisms such as relaxation techniques, hobbies, social support, or therapy can be valuable tools in managing depressive symptoms.

D. “I will avoid talking about events that upset me."
Avoiding discussions about upsetting events can prevent the client from addressing and processing their emotions, hindering the therapeutic process. Encouraging open communication and expressing feelings with a trusted individual, therapist, or support group can help the client work through emotional challenges.