A nurse is preparing to administer hydroxyzine 60 mg PO every 8 hr to a client who has generalized anxiety disorder. Available is hydroxyzine 10 mg/5 mL solution. How many mL should the nurse administer for the total daily dose?
(Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. Suppression:
Suppression is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual consciously avoids thinking about certain thoughts, emotions, or impulses. It involves intentionally putting aside disturbing or anxiety-inducing thoughts temporarily. People use suppression as a way to cope with overwhelming emotions or stressful situations by delaying dealing with them until they feel more prepared.

B. Regression:
Regression is a defense mechanism where an individual reverts to a previous stage of development in the face of stressful situations. For example, an adult may exhibit childlike behaviors or emotions during times of high stress. This regression is an unconscious way of seeking comfort and security from an earlier, less stressful time in life.

C. Compensation:
Compensation is a defense mechanism in which an individual tries to make up for a perceived deficiency in one area by excelling in another. For instance, someone who feels unattractive might compensate by becoming exceptionally skilled in a particular talent. Compensation involves overachieving in one area to cover up feelings of inadequacy in another.

D. Sublimation:
Sublimation is a defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses or urges are channeled into socially acceptable and productive activities. For example, someone with aggressive tendencies might channel their aggression into sports or artistic pursuits. Sublimation involves transforming negative emotions or desires into positive, socially acceptable behaviors.

A. Takes advantage of others for her own benefit:
This behavior is not specific to paranoid personality disorder. Instead, it may be seen in individuals with antisocial personality disorder, who disregard the rights of others and exploit them for personal gain. People with paranoid personality disorder are more characterized by a pervasive distrust of others and a belief that others are out to harm or deceive them.

B. Believes that others are deceiving her:
This is a hallmark symptom of paranoid personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder often exhibit extreme distrust and suspicion, believing that others have hidden motives or are deliberately trying to deceive, harm, or manipulate them. This suspiciousness and belief in the untrustworthiness of others are key features of paranoid personality disorder.

C. Shows exaggerated expression of emotions:
Exaggerated expression of emotions is not a defining characteristic of paranoid personality disorder. People with this disorder tend to display a guarded and suspicious demeanor rather than exaggerated emotional expressions. Their interpersonal interactions are often marked by skepticism and wariness.

D. Demonstrates detachment from others:
Detachment from others is more characteristic of schizoid personality disorder, not paranoid personality disorder. Individuals with schizoid personality disorder tend to be emotionally detached and have limited interest in social interactions. In contrast, individuals with paranoid personality disorder are highly suspicious and tend to assume that others are hostile or malevolent, leading to interpersonal difficulties rooted in their intense distrust.