A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS with recurring pneumonia.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Obtain a sputum culture.

Position head of bed at 10 degrees.

Cough and deep breathe every 8 hr.

Encourage fluid intake of 1500 mL/day.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:
Obtaining a sputum culture helps identify the causative organism and guide treatment.
Choice B rationale:
Positioning the head of bed at 10 degrees is not beneficial for pneumonia patients.
Choice C rationale:
Coughing and deep breathing every 8 hours is not frequent enough for pneumonia patients.
Choice D rationale:
Encouraging fluid intake of 1500 mL/day is not sufficient for pneumonia patients.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
A WBC count of 5,000/mm³ is within the normal range (4,500 to 11,000 cells/mm³) and is not a priority.
Choice B rationale:
A platelet count of 150,000/mm³ is within the normal range (150,000 to 450,000/mm³) and is not a priority.
Choice C rationale:
A positive Western blot test confirms HIV infection, but it is not a priority in this case.
Choice D rationale:
A CD4-T-cell count of 180 cells/mm³ is below the normal range (500 to 1,500 cells/mm³), indicating severe immune system damage in a client with HIV. This is the nurse’s priority.

A. Basal cell carcinoma. B. Squamous cell carcinoma. C. Malignant melanoma. D. Actinic keratosis.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Basal cell carcinoma often presents as a raised, flesh-colored lesion with pearly white borders. This is the most common type of skin cancer.
Choice B rationale:
Squamous cell carcinoma typically appears as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface, not a raised, flesh-colored lesion with pearly white borders.
Choice C rationale:
Malignant melanoma is usually a large brownish spot with darker speckles, not a raised, flesh-colored lesion with pearly white borders.
Choice D rationale:
Actinic keratosis appears as rough, scaly patches on sun-exposed areas of the skin, not a raised, flesh-colored lesion with pearly white borders.

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A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS with recurring pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

During a routine physical examination, a nurse observes a 1-cm (0.4-in) lesion on a client's chest. The lesion is raised and flesh-colored with pearly white borders. The nurse should recognize that this finding is suggestive of which of the following types of skin cancer?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is implementing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS with recurring pneumonia.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?