A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema to a group of nursing students. Which physiological mechanism underlies the development of pulmonary edema?
Increased lung compliance
Impaired alveolar fluid clearance
Constricted pulmonary blood vessels
Enhanced left ventricular contractility
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. Increased lung compliance would not contribute to pulmonary edema; in fact, it might reduce the risk of fluid accumulation in the lungs.
B) Correct. Impaired alveolar fluid clearance, often due to altered pulmonary capillary permeability, is a key factor in the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Constricted pulmonary blood vessels (vasoconstriction) would reduce blood flow to the lungs and are not a primary factor in pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Enhanced left ventricular contractility, while beneficial for cardiac function, is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. While a complete blood count (CBC) may provide some information, it is not the primary diagnostic test for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. An electrocardiogram (ECG) may be used to evaluate cardiac function but does not directly assess pulmonary edema.
C) Correct. A chest X-ray is a key diagnostic tool for assessing the presence, severity, and underlying causes of pulmonary edema by visualizing lung and heart structures.
D) Incorrect. Urinalysis is not a primary diagnostic test for pulmonary edema; it is used to assess kidney function and screen for urinary tract infections.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Routine physical activity does not typically precipitate the development of pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Recent vaccination is not a common precipitating factor for pulmonary edema.
C) Correct. Severe hypertension can increase the workload of the heart, leading to left ventricular failure, which is a common precipitating event for pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Controlled diabetes is not a precipitating factor for pulmonary edema; uncontrolled diabetes can have cardiovascular implications but is not directly related to this condition.
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