A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema to a group of nursing students. Which physiological mechanism underlies the development of pulmonary edema?
Increased lung compliance
Impaired alveolar fluid clearance
Constricted pulmonary blood vessels
Enhanced left ventricular contractility
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. Increased lung compliance would not contribute to pulmonary edema; in fact, it might reduce the risk of fluid accumulation in the lungs.
B) Correct. Impaired alveolar fluid clearance, often due to altered pulmonary capillary permeability, is a key factor in the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Constricted pulmonary blood vessels (vasoconstriction) would reduce blood flow to the lungs and are not a primary factor in pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Enhanced left ventricular contractility, while beneficial for cardiac function, is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Diuretics are commonly used in the management of pulmonary edema to reduce fluid volume, preload, and afterload on the heart.
B) Incorrect. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and are not typically used as a primary treatment for pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Bronchodilators are used to relieve airway constriction and are not the primary treatment for pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clot formation and are not the primary treatment for pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Atrial fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia that can lead to heart failure, which is a common etiological factor for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Hypothyroidism is not typically a direct cause of pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. While COPD can lead to respiratory-related symptoms, it is not a direct cause of pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Rheumatoid arthritis is not a known cause of pulmonary edema.
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