A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema to a group of nursing students. Which physiological mechanism underlies the development of pulmonary edema?

Increased lung compliance

Impaired alveolar fluid clearance

Constricted pulmonary blood vessels

Enhanced left ventricular contractility

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Incorrect. Increased lung compliance would not contribute to pulmonary edema; in fact, it might reduce the risk of fluid accumulation in the lungs.

B) Correct. Impaired alveolar fluid clearance, often due to altered pulmonary capillary permeability, is a key factor in the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema.

C) Incorrect. Constricted pulmonary blood vessels (vasoconstriction) would reduce blood flow to the lungs and are not a primary factor in pulmonary edema.

D) Incorrect. Enhanced left ventricular contractility, while beneficial for cardiac function, is not directly related to the development of pulmonary edema.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct. Pink, frothy sputum is often referred to as hemoptysis and is a common presentation in pulmonary edema.

B) Incorrect. Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing when lying flat and is associated with heart failure but is not specifically related to pink, frothy sputum.

C) Incorrect. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is another symptom of heart failure but does not involve the coughing up of pink, frothy sputum.

D) Incorrect. Crepitus is a term used to describe a crackling or popping sound and is not directly related to the sputum seen in pulmonary edema.

A. A bacterial lung infection B. An inflammation of the pleura C. Accumulation of excess fluid in the lungs D. A blockage in the coronary arteries

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. Pulmonary edema is not a bacterial lung infection.

B) Incorrect. Pleuritis (inflammation of the pleura) is a different condition unrelated to pulmonary edema.

C) Correct. Pulmonary edema is characterized by the accumulation of excess fluid in the lungs, often in the alveoli and interstitial spaces.

D) Incorrect. A blockage in the coronary arteries is related to myocardial infarction (heart attack) and is not the primary characteristic of pulmonary edema.

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A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of pulmonary edema to a group of nursing students. Which physiological mechanism underlies the development of pulmonary edema?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is experiencing difficulty breathing and presents with pink, frothy sputum. What term is commonly used to describe this clinical presentation associated with pulmonary edema?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is explaining the concept of pulmonary edema to a client. Which description best characterizes pulmonary edema?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who experienced an episode of pulmonary edema. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse prioritize for this client?

A client with pulmonary edema is prescribed diuretic therapy. What should the nurse monitor for as a potential side effect of diuretic administration?

A nurse is caring for a client undergoing diagnostic evaluation for suspected pulmonary edema. Which finding on an arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is consistent with pulmonary edema?

A nurse is assessing a client with a history of substance abuse. Which substance is known to increase the risk of developing pulmonary edema when used excessively?

A nurse is assisting with the diagnostic workup of a client with suspected pulmonary edema. Which imaging modality can help identify the presence of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lungs?

A client with heart failure develops pulmonary edema. Which part of the heart's pumping action is impaired in this condition, leading to fluid backup in the lungs?

A client with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) develops pulmonary edema. Which pathophysiological process is likely occurring in this client, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs?

A nurse is caring for a client with pulmonary edema. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize when monitoring the client's respiratory status?