A nurse is assessing a client with pulmonary edema. Which physical examination finding is indicative of fluid accumulation in the lungs?
Decreased respiratory rate
Inspiratory crackles in the lung bases
Increased breath sounds
Diminished heart sounds
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. A decreased respiratory rate is not typically associated with pulmonary edema, which often leads to increased respiratory effort.
B) Correct. Inspiratory crackles in the lung bases are indicative of fluid accumulation in the alveoli and are a common physical finding in pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Increased breath sounds are not typically associated with pulmonary edema; instead, crackles or wheezing may be heard.
D) Incorrect. Diminished heart sounds are not a characteristic finding in pulmonary edema.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. Pulmonary edema can lead to impaired gas exchange, resulting in respiratory acidosis, characterized by a decreased pH on ABG analysis.
B) Incorrect. Pulmonary edema typically leads to decreased oxygenation, so an elevated PaO2 would not be consistent with this condition.
C) Incorrect. A decreased PaCO2 is more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis and is not a primary finding in pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Increased bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels are more indicative of metabolic alkalosis and are not typically associated with pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Regular physical exercise is generally a healthy behavior and is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Low blood pressure (hypotension) is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema; in fact, high blood pressure (hypertension) is a more common risk factor.
C) Incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health but is not a direct risk factor for pulmonary edema.
D) Correct. Chronic kidney disease can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which can contribute to the development of pulmonary edema.
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