A nurse is caring for a client with acute pulmonary edema. Which mechanism is responsible for the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces in this condition?
Increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries
Decreased capillary permeability in the lungs
Enhanced lymphatic drainage from the lungs
Elevated colloid osmotic pressure in pulmonary vessels
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct. Increased hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary capillaries, often due to left ventricular failure, leads to the filtration of fluid from the capillaries into the alveoli and interstitial spaces, causing pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Decreased capillary permeability is not typically a primary factor in the development of pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Enhanced lymphatic drainage from the lungs is not a primary mechanism responsible for the accumulation of fluid in pulmonary edema.
D) Incorrect. Elevated colloid osmotic pressure in pulmonary vessels would oppose fluid accumulation in the alveoli and is not a primary cause of pulmonary edema.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Regular physical exercise is generally a healthy behavior and is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Low blood pressure (hypotension) is not a risk factor for pulmonary edema; in fact, high blood pressure (hypertension) is a more common risk factor.
C) Incorrect. Adequate fluid intake is important for overall health but is not a direct risk factor for pulmonary edema.
D) Correct. Chronic kidney disease can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which can contribute to the development of pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. The primary role of the lymphatic system in the lungs is not gas exchange but rather fluid removal.
B) Incorrect. While the lymphatic system plays a role in overall fluid balance, it is not primarily responsible for regulating blood pressure.
C) Correct. The lymphatic system helps remove excess interstitial fluid from the lungs, preventing fluid accumulation and contributing to fluid balance.
D) Incorrect. Surfactant production is primarily related to maintaining lung compliance and preventing alveolar collapse but is not a primary function of the lymphatic system.
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