A nurse is evaluating an older adult client who has depression after four weeks of treatment with an antidepressant medication.
Which of the following findings would indicate that the medication is effective?
The client reports an improvement in mood, energy, appetite and sleep.
The client scores lower on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) or the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
The client shows more interest and participation in social activities and hobbies.
All of the above.
The Correct Answer is D
The correct answer is D.
All of the above.
This is because all of these findings indicate that the client has experienced an improvement in mood, energy, appetite, sleep, interest and participation in social activities and hobbies, which are common signs of depression recovery.
Choice A is wrong because it only covers some of the symptoms of depression, such as mood, energy, appetite and sleep, but not others, such as interest and participation in social activities and hobbies.
Choice B is wrong because it only measures the client’s depression level using standardized scales, such as the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) or the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), but not their actual functioning and quality of life.
Choice C is wrong because it only reflects the client’s interest and participation in social activities and hobbies, which are important aspects of depression recovery, but not their mood, energy, appetite, sleep or depression level.
The GDS and the PHQ-9 are both valid and reliable tools for screening and measuring depression in older adults.
The GDS is a 15-item questionnaire that asks the client to answer yes or no to questions about their mood, satisfaction, hopelessness, helplessness, worthlessness, guilt, agitation, withdrawal and suicidal thoughts.
The PHQ-9 is a 9-item questionnaire that asks the client to rate how often they have experienced symptoms of depression in the past two weeks, such as depressed mood, anhedonia, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, appetite or weight changes, concentration problems, feelings of worthlessness or guilt.
A. The client reports an improvement in mood, energy, appetite and sleep B.
The client scores lower on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) or the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) C.
The client shows more interest and participation in social activities and hobbies D.
All of the above
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is A.“Do you drive your own car or use public transportation?.” This question is appropriate for the domain ofmode of transportation, which is one of the eight areas of occupational performance assessed by the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) Scale.The scale evaluates a person’s ability to engage in more complex activities thought necessary for functioning in community settings.
Choice B is wrong because it is not related to the domain of mode of transportation, but rather to the domain ofability to use a telephone.The scale asks about the person’s ability to operate a telephone, dial numbers, and answer calls.
Choice C is wrong because it is not related to the domain of mode of transportation, but rather to the domain ofshopping.The scale asks about the person’s ability to take care of all shopping needs independently, shop for small purchases, or need assistance with shopping.
Choice D is wrong because it is not related to the domain of mode of transportation, but rather to the domain ofmobility.The scale does not assess mobility directly, but it may be inferred from the person’s ability to travel by public transportation or car.
The Lawton IADLs Scale has a summary score that ranges from 0 (low function, dependent) to 8 (high function, independent) for women, and 0 to 5 for men.The score identifies areas of need in regard to care and support.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Encourage fluid intake of at least 2 L/day.
This is because adequate hydration can help soften the stool and facilitate its passage through the intestines.Fluid intake should be increased gradually to avoid fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance.
Choice B is wrong because alow-fiber dietcan contribute to constipation by reducing the bulk and water content of the stool.
Fiber helps retain water in the stool and stimulate peristalsis.A high-fiber diet is recommended for clients who have constipation.
Choice C is wrong because astimulant laxativeshould not be used daily or for a long period of time, as it can cause dependence, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and damage to the intestinal mucosa.Stimulant laxatives should be used only as a last resort when other measures fail.
Choice D is wrong becausephysical activitycan help prevent constipation by increasing intestinal motility and blood flow.Physical activity should be encouraged for clients who have constipation, unless contraindicated by other conditions.
Normal ranges for fluid intake are about 2 to 3 L/day for adults, depending on age, weight, activity level, and climate.Normal ranges for fiber intake are about 25 to 38 g/day for adults, depending on age and sex.
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