A nurse is evaluating a client who is 70 years old for signs of dehydration.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Increased skin turgor.

Decreased pulse rate

Increased urine output.

Decreased mental status.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D.

Decreased mental status. Dehydration in elderly people can cause confusion, disorientation, or drowsiness due to the loss of water and electrolytes from the body.

These symptoms can affect the cognitive function and alertness of the client. Dehydration can also lead to complications such as kidney problems, electrolyte imbalances, or low blood pressure.

Choice A is wrong because increased skin turgor is not a sign of dehydration.

Skin turgor is the ability of the skin to return to its normal shape after being pinched or pulled. Dehydration causes decreased skin turgor, meaning the skin stays tented or wrinkled after being pinched.

Choice B is wrong because decreased pulse rate is not a sign of dehydration. Dehydration causes increased pulse rate, as the heart has to work harder to pump blood to the vital organs when there is less fluid in the body.

Choice C is wrong because increased urine output is not a sign of dehydration. Dehydration causes decreased urine output, as the kidneys try to conserve water and produce more concentrated urine.

The urine may also be darker in color than normal.

Normal ranges for fluid intake and output vary depending on age, weight, activity level, and health status.

However, a general guideline is to drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water per day and produce at least 30 mL of urine per hour.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

The correct answer is B, C, and E.

Phenytoin (Dilantin) is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to control seizures.

It can have several side effects, some of which are serious and require medical attention.

Here are some explanations for each choice:.

A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication.

This iswrongbecause grapefruit juice does not interact with phenytoin.However, grapefruit juice can affect the levels of other medications, such as statins, calcium channel blockers, and some antidepressants.

B. Brush your teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush.This isrightbecause phenytoin can causegingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of the gums that can lead to bleeding, infection, and difficulty chewing.

To prevent this, patients should practice good oral hygiene, avoid alcohol and tobacco, and see a dentist regularly.

A. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking this medication B.

Brush your teeth gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush C.

Wear a medical alert bracelet or necklace at all times D.

Stop taking this medication if you develop a rash or fever E.

Have your blood levels checked regularly as directed by your provider

A. HRT can relieve hot flashes, vaginal dryness and mood swings, but it can also increase the risk of breast cancer, stroke and blood clots. B. HRT can prevent osteoporosis, heart disease and dementia, but it can also cause weight gain, acne and hair loss. C. HRT can enhance sexual function, skin elasticity and memory, but it can also lower the immune system, blood pressure and blood sugar. D. HRT can improve sleep quality, energy levels and mood, but it can also worsen headaches, nausea and bloating.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A.

HRT can relieve hot flashes, vaginal dryness and mood swings, but it can also increase the risk of breast cancer, stroke and blood clots.This answer is based on the evidence from various studies that have shown the benefits and risks of HRT.

Choice B is wrong because HRT cannot prevent osteoporosis, heart disease and dementia, and it does not cause weight gain, acne and hair loss.These are common misconceptions about HRT that are not supported by scientific research.

Choice C is wrong because HRT does not have a significant effect on sexual function, skin elasticity and memory, and it does not lower the immune system, blood pressure and blood sugar.These are also myths about HRT that have no basis in reality.

Choice D is wrong because HRT can improve sleep quality, energy levels and mood, but it can also cause or worsen headaches, nausea and bloating.These are some of the possible side effects of HRT that vary depending on the type, dose and duration of the therapy.

Normal ranges for estrogen and progesterone levels depend on the stage of menopause, the type of HRT and the individual factors of each woman.

Generally, estrogen levels range from 10 to 50 pg/mL (picograms per milliliter) and progesterone levels range from 0.1 to 25 ng/mL (nanograms per milliliter) in postmenopausal women.

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A nurse is evaluating a client who is 70 years old for signs of dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient who had a seizure disorder and is prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an older adult client who has menopause about hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The client asks about the benefits and risks of HRT. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A nurse is evaluating a client who is 70 years old for signs of dehydration.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?