A nurse is implementing interventions to prevent or reduce social isolation in older adult clients who live in a long-term care facility.

Which of the following interventions are appropriate for this setting?

(Select all that apply.).

Providing opportunities for group activities such as games, music, art or exercise

Encouraging family members or volunteers to visit or call the clients regularly.

Creating a homelike environment that promotes comfort, safety and privacy.

Assigning consistent staff members who are familiar with the clients’ needs and preferences.

Providing feedback or recognition for the clients’ achievements or contributions.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

These interventions are appropriate for reducing social isolation in older adult clients who live in a long-term care facility because they provide opportunities for social interaction, support, comfort and familiarity.

Choice A is correct because group activities such as games, music, art or exercise can foster a sense of belonging, enjoyment and engagement among older adults . Group activities can also improve physical and mental health, cognitive function and well-being .

Choice B is correct because encouraging family members or volunteers to visit or call the clients regularly can enhance the quality and quantity of social relationships, which can reduce loneliness and isolation . Family members or volunteers can also provide emotional support, companionship and practical assistance to the clients .

Choice C is correct because creating a homelike environment that promotes comfort, safety and privacy can increase the clients’ satisfaction, autonomy and dignity . A homelike environment can also facilitate social interactions among the clients and the staff by providing common areas, personal belongings and familiar objects .

Choice D is correct because assigning consistent staff members who are familiar with the clients’ needs and preferences can improve the continuity and quality of care, as well as the trust and rapport between the clients and the staff . Consistent staff members can also recognize and respond to the clients’ social needs and preferences, and provide personalized interventions .

Choice E is incorrect because providing feedback or recognition for the clients’ achievements or contributions may not be effective in reducing social isolation, unless it is combined with other interventions that promote social interaction and support . Feedback or recognition alone may not address the underlying causes of social isolation, such as lack of meaningful relationships, low self-esteem or poor health .

Normal ranges for social isolation and loneliness are difficult to define, as they depend on various factors such as individual characteristics, cultural norms and measurement tools. However, some indicators of social isolation include having few or no social contacts, participating in few or no social activities, feeling disconnected from others or society, and having low levels of perceived social support . Some indicators of loneliness include feeling unhappy about one’s social situation, feeling left out or unwanted, lacking companionship or intimacy, and having low levels of perceived belongingness or connectedness .

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is B.

Diphenhydramine.Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and sedative medication that can causedeliriumin older adults, especially when used in high doses or for a long time.Delirium is a serious change in mental abilities that results in confused thinking and reduced awareness of the surroundings.It can be caused by various factors, such as infections, medications, surgery, or alcohol or drug use or withdrawal.Delirium can have serious consequences, such as increased risk of falls, complications, and death.

Choice A is wrong because acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer that does not usually cause delirium in older adults.

However, acetaminophen overdose can cause liver damage and altered mental status.

Choice C is wrong because metformin is an oral medication that lowers blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.

Metformin does not typically cause delirium in older adults.

However, metformin can cause a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis, which can cause confusion and other symptoms.

Choice D is wrong because lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that lowers blood pressure and prevents heart failure.

Lisinopril does not usually cause delirium in older adults.

However, lisinopril can cause a rare but serious condition called angioedema, which can cause swelling of the face, tongue, or throat and difficulty breathing.

Normal ranges for some relevant laboratory tests are:.

• Albumin: 3.5-5.0 g/dL.

• Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L.

• Total cholesterol: <200 mg/dL.

• Hemoglobin: 13.5-17.5 g/dL for men; 12.0-15.5 g/dL for women.

A. Avoid crossing your legs when sitting. B. Wear compression stockings. C. Drink caffeinated beverages. D. Change positions slowly. E. Increase your salt intake.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

The correct answer is A, B, and D.These are some of the strategies to prevent orthostatic hypotension, which is a sudden drop in blood pressure caused by a change in posture, such as when a person stands up quickly.

Some explanations for the other choices are:.

• Choice C is wrong because drinking caffeinated beverages can cause dehydration, which can worsen orthostatic hypotension by reducing the fluid volume in the blood vessels.

• Choice E is wrong because increasing salt intake can raise blood pressure, but it can also cause fluid retention, which can strain the heart and kidneys.People with hypertension, heart failure, or kidney disease should limit their salt intake.

Some normal ranges for blood pressure are:.

• Systolic blood pressure (the top number) should be less than 120 mmHg for most adults.

• Diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) should be less than 80 mmHg for most adults.

• Orthostatic hypotension is diagnosed when there is a drop of 20 mmHg or more in systolic blood pressure or 10 mmHg or more in diastolic blood pressure within 2 to 5 minutes of standing.

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A nurse is implementing interventions to prevent or reduce social isolation in older adult clients who live in a long-term care facility. Which of the following interventions are appropriate for this setting? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of an older adult client who has delirium. Which of the following medications can contribute to delirium in older adults?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is educating a client who is 60 years old about strategies to prevent orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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A nurse is implementing interventions to prevent or reduce social isolation in older adult clients who live in a long-term care facility.

Which of the following interventions are appropriate for this setting?

(Select all that apply.).