A nurse is discussing the possible physical effects of alcohol withdrawal with a newly licensed nurse.
Which of the following effects should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Planning to give away prized possessions is a significant warning sign of potential suicide. This behavior often signals that the individual is preparing for death and believes they will no longer need those items. It's a concerning indication that they may have made a decision to end their life and are putting their affairs in order.

Here's a detailed breakdown of why this behavior is so concerning:

Final Arrangements: Giving away cherished belongings suggests a sense of finality and a belief that there's no future to look forward to. It's a way of detaching from material possessions and preparing for a perceived ending.

Loss of Interest: When someone loses interest in activities or items they previously valued, it can reflect a profound loss of hope and a withdrawal from life. This detachment is often a feature of suicidal ideation.

Saying Goodbye: Distributing belongings can serve as a symbolic way of saying goodbye to loved ones without explicitly stating suicidal intentions. It's a nonverbal communication of their plans, often done to avoid intervention or to ease the burden on others after their death.

Lack of Self-Preservation: The act of giving away possessions demonstrates a disregard for one's own future needs and a lack of investment in their continued existence. It suggests a mindset that they won't be around to enjoy those items any longer.

No Hope for Change: This behavior can also signal a belief that their circumstances are hopeless and that suicide is the only viable solution. It reflects a sense of despair and a conviction that things won't improve.

It's crucial to note that not all individuals who contemplate suicide will exhibit this specific behavior. However, it's a serious red flag that should never be ignored. If you witness someone giving away their possessions, it's imperative to take immediate action to assess their safety and seek professional help.

Choice A rationale:

Psychomotor retardation is a characteristic of depression, not hypomania. In fact, individuals with hypomania typically exhibit psychomotor agitation, which is characterized by increased energy and activity levels.

Psychomotor retardation often manifests as slowed movements, speech, and thought processes. It can significantly impact an individual's ability to perform daily tasks and engage in social interactions.

While psychomotor retardation can occur in various mental health conditions, it is not typically associated with hypomania.

Choice B rationale:

Decreased self-esteem is also a characteristic of depression, not hypomania. Individuals with hypomania typically experience inflated self-esteem and grandiosity.

They may overestimate their abilities, make unrealistic plans, or engage in risky behaviors. This inflated sense of self-worth is often a hallmark feature of hypomania and can contribute to impaired judgment and decision-making.

Choice C rationale:

Euphoria is a hallmark symptom of hypomania. It is characterized by an elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that is persistent and noticeable to others.

Individuals with euphoria often feel excessively happy, cheerful, or optimistic. They may have increased energy, decreased need for sleep, and a heightened sense of well-being.

They may also be more talkative, outgoing, and engage in pleasurable activities more often.

This elevated mood is a core feature of hypomania and is often accompanied by other characteristic symptoms, such as increased activity levels, racing thoughts, and impulsivity.

Choice D rationale:

Hallucinations are not a typical feature of hypomania. They are more commonly associated with psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Hallucinations involve perceiving things that are not real, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there.

While hallucinations can occur in some individuals with hypomania, they are not a defining feature of the condition