A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypomania.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Psychomotor retardation.

Decreased self-esteem.

Euphoria.

Hallucinations.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Psychomotor retardation is a characteristic of depression, not hypomania. In fact, individuals with hypomania typically exhibit psychomotor agitation, which is characterized by increased energy and activity levels.

Psychomotor retardation often manifests as slowed movements, speech, and thought processes. It can significantly impact an individual's ability to perform daily tasks and engage in social interactions.

While psychomotor retardation can occur in various mental health conditions, it is not typically associated with hypomania.

Choice B rationale:

Decreased self-esteem is also a characteristic of depression, not hypomania. Individuals with hypomania typically experience inflated self-esteem and grandiosity.

They may overestimate their abilities, make unrealistic plans, or engage in risky behaviors. This inflated sense of self-worth is often a hallmark feature of hypomania and can contribute to impaired judgment and decision-making.

Choice C rationale:

Euphoria is a hallmark symptom of hypomania. It is characterized by an elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that is persistent and noticeable to others.

Individuals with euphoria often feel excessively happy, cheerful, or optimistic. They may have increased energy, decreased need for sleep, and a heightened sense of well-being.

They may also be more talkative, outgoing, and engage in pleasurable activities more often.

This elevated mood is a core feature of hypomania and is often accompanied by other characteristic symptoms, such as increased activity levels, racing thoughts, and impulsivity.

Choice D rationale:

Hallucinations are not a typical feature of hypomania. They are more commonly associated with psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Hallucinations involve perceiving things that are not real, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there.

While hallucinations can occur in some individuals with hypomania, they are not a defining feature of the condition

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

While encouraging decision-making can be empowering for some individuals with depression, it may not be appropriate for those with severe depressive disorder.

Individuals with severe depression often experience significant anhedonia (loss of interest in activities), fatigue, and difficulty concentrating, which can make decision-making overwhelming and even worsen their symptoms.

It's important to assess the client's individual level of functioning and decision-making capacity before implementing this intervention.

Choice C rationale:

Providing a selection of activities can be helpful, but it's crucial to tailor the activities to the client's interests and energy level.

Offering too many choices or activities that are too demanding can be counterproductive.

It's essential to collaborate with the client to identify activities that are meaningful and achievable, and to gradually increase the level of activity as tolerated.

Choice D rationale:

Playing a game of chess can be a stimulating and enjoyable activity, but it may not be appropriate for all clients with severe depression.

Chess requires cognitive focus and strategic thinking, which can be challenging for individuals experiencing cognitive impairment or fatigue associated with depression.

It's important to assess the client's cognitive abilities and interests before suggesting this activity.

Rationale for the correct answer, B:

Spending time with the client offers several benefits:

Conveys caring and support: It demonstrates to the client that they are not alone and that someone cares about their wellbeing.

Provides opportunities for therapeutic communication: Spending time together allows for meaningful conversations, which can help the client express their feelings, concerns, and experiences.

Facilitates observation and assessment: The nurse can observe the client's mood, behavior, and interactions, which can inform treatment planning and evaluation.

Promotes engagement and participation: Spending time with the client can encourage them to engage in other therapeutic activities and interventions.

Builds rapport and trust: Developing a strong therapeutic relationship is essential for effective treatment of depression.

A. Ideas of reference. B. Grandeur. C. Somatic delusion. D. Erotomania.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Ideas of reference are a type of delusion in which a person believes that unrelated events, objects, or actions in the environment have personal significance or meaning specifically directed towards them. In this case, the client with schizophrenia misinterpreted the group's laughter as mockery directed specifically at them, even though the story was unrelated to them.

Here's a detailed explanation of why the other choices are incorrect: B. Grandeur:

Grandiosity involves an inflated sense of self-importance, power, or identity. It's not evident in this scenario, as the client isn't expressing beliefs of exceptional abilities or status. C. Somatic delusion:

Somatic delusions focus on bodily functions or sensations, such as believing organs are rotting or insects are crawling under the skin. The client's outburst isn't related to bodily concerns. D. Erotomania:

Erotomania is a delusion where a person believes someone of higher status is in love with them. It's not applicable in this situation as the client's belief isn't about romantic interest.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypomania. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Correct Answer is A

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypomania.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?