A nurse is discussing communicable diseases with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

A. Red meat: Red meat contains heme, which can produce false-positive results on fecal occult blood tests by reacting with the guaiac reagent. Clients are advised to avoid beef, lamb, and liver for at least 3 days prior to testing to ensure accurate detection of gastrointestinal bleeding.

B. Milk: Dairy products do not contain heme or other substances that interfere with the chemical reaction in guaiac-based fecal occult blood testing. Consumption of milk is generally safe and does not affect test accuracy.

C. Almonds: Nuts are plant-based and do not contain heme. They may contribute to stool bulk but do not produce false-positive results in fecal occult blood tests. Avoidance is unnecessary.

D. Whole wheat bread: Whole grains do not contain animal-derived heme and do not interfere with fecal occult blood detection. They are safe to consume prior to testing and do not affect test specificity.

Rationale for correct choices:

• Assist with morphine 4 mg IV bolus: The client will likely experience postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Assisting with the prescribed IV morphine helps manage pain effectively, improves comfort, and facilitates early mobilization and participation in postoperative care.

• Encourage use of a spirometer every hr while awake: Postoperative clients are at risk for atelectasis and pulmonary complications due to anesthesia and immobility. Encouraging frequent spirometer use promotes lung expansion, maintains adequate oxygenation, and reduces the risk of respiratory complications.

Rationale for incorrect choices:

• Place the client on their right side while in bed: This position is not routinely required after laparoscopic cholecystectomy; supine or semi-Fowler positions are typically recommended to optimize comfort and monitor for postoperative complications.

• Maintain the client on bed rest: Extended bed rest is not advised postoperatively. Early mobilization reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism, promotes bowel function, and accelerates recovery.

• Discontinue IV fluids: IV fluids are needed postoperatively to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, particularly since the client is on NPO status until gastrointestinal function returns. Discontinuing fluids prematurely could lead to hypovolemia.