A nurse is collecting data from a client who is postoperative. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as objective data?(Select All that Apply.)
The client is reporting nausea.
The client's urine output has been 150 mL over the past 3 hr.
The client states they are experiencing "extreme pain".
The client's current blood pressure is below their preoperative reading.
The client's right calf is swollen and warm to the touch.
Correct Answer : B,D,E
A. It reflects the client’s personal feelings and experiences regarding their condition. Since it is based on
the client's report rather than measurable findings, it does not qualify as objective data.
B. It provides measurable information about the client's urine output, which can be quantified and observed by the nurse. Objective data is factual and can be verified by anyone observing the situation.
C. Like the nausea report, this statement is based on the client’s personal experience and perception of
pain. It cannot be measured objectively, making it subjective.
D. Blood pressure readings are measurable and can be objectively compared to preoperative values. This information provides concrete data regarding the client's current condition.
E. The observations of swelling and warmth can be directly assessed and are factual findings that can be confirmed by the nurse during the physical examination.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The reservoir is the natural habitat of the infectious agent where it lives, grows, and multiplies. In the case of hepatitis A, the reservoir could be contaminated food, water, or infected individuals. The mouth is not the reservoir; rather, it is a route through which the infection enters the body.
B. The infectious agent is the pathogen (bacteria, virus, or other microorganisms) that causes the disease. For hepatitis A, the infectious agent is the hepatitis A virus itself. The mouth is not the infectious agent; it's the entry point for the virus.
C. A susceptible host is an individual who is at risk of infection due to factors such as weakened immunity, age, or underlying health conditions. The client with hepatitis A is a susceptible host, but the mouth is not categorized as such.
D. The portal of entry is the way an infectious agent enters a susceptible host. In the case of hepatitis A acquired through contaminated food, the mouth serves as the portal of entry. The virus enters the body when the contaminated food is ingested.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Varicella, or chickenpox, is transmitted via airborne transmission. The varicella virus can spread through respiratory droplets and can also linger in the air after an infected person has left the area. Thus, it is included in airborne transmission.
B. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is primarily transmitted through contact, particularly via contaminated surfaces and the fecal-oral route. It is not considered an airborne disease. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
C. Tuberculosis (TB) is a classic example of a disease transmitted via airborne transmission. TB bacteria are spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, allowing the bacteria to remain suspended in the air and be inhaled by others. This option is correct.
D. Rubeola, or measles, is also transmitted via airborne transmission. The measles virus can be spread through respiratory droplets, and the virus can remain airborne for up to two hours after an infected person has left the area. This option is correct.
E. Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is primarily transmitted through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or skin, as well as through contact with infected wounds. It is not typically spread through airborne transmission.
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