A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses on the different levels of illness prevention.
The nurse should include which of the following as an example of secondary prevention?

A client who has a family history of breast cancer is scheduled for a mammogram.

A client who has heart failure is scheduled for an echocardiogram.

A client who is asymptomatic is not scheduled for a series of tests.

A client is scheduled to receive an influenza vaccination.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

This is an example of secondary prevention, which is the action taken to stop the progress of the disease at the initial stage and prevent complications. An echocardiogram can help diagnose the severity and cause of heart failure and guide the treatment plan.

A client who has a family history of breast cancer and is scheduled for a mammogram is an example of secondary prevention. Secondary prevention is early detection of a disease before it progresses. Secondary prevention can include screenings and other forms of diagnostic tests.

This is an example of tertiary prevention, which is the action taken to stop the progress of the disease at the initial stage and prevent complication. An echocardiogram can help diagnose the severity and cause of heart failure and guide the treatment plan.

Choice C is wrong because it is not an example of any level of prevention.

A client who is asymptomatic is not scheduled for a series of tests because there is no indication of any disease or risk factor.

Choice D is wrong because it is an example of primary prevention, which is the action taken to prevent the development of disease.

A client who is scheduled to receive an influenza vaccination is protected from getting infected by the virus and developing flu-related complications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

This action is intended to prevent a sentinel event, which is a patient safety event that results in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm. A sentinel event is a serious adverse event that signals the need for immediate investigation and response. Removing the wrong arm would be a devastating and irreversible outcome for the patient and the health care provider.

Choice A is wrong because the lack of healing of the stump is not a sentinel event. It is a possible complication of amputation that may be related to the natural course of the patient’s illness or underlying condition.

Choice B is wrong because ineffective control of the client’s pain is not a sentinel event. It is a quality of care issue that may affect the patient’s comfort and recovery, but it does not result in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm.

Choice D is wrong because the client being mildly sedated is not a sentinel event. It is a level of anesthesia that may be appropriate for some types of surgery, but it does not result in death, permanent harm, or severe temporary harm.

A. Removal (of object), Integrity checks, Condition (treat underlying), Edema relief. B. Rest, Ibuprofen, Circulatory checks, Elevation. C. Redness, Immune response, Cellular regulation, Event. D. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is a method of self-care to use right after you experience a minor injury such as a sprain or strain, a minor bone injury, or a sports injury. It quickly treats pain and swelling by reducing inflammation.

Choice A is wrong because Removal (of object), Integrity checks, Condition (treat underlying), Edema relief are not related to RICE and do not form a coherent treatment regimen.

Choice B is wrong because Ibuprofen is not part of RICE and may have side effects such as stomach irritation or bleeding.

Circulatory checks are not necessary unless the compression bandage is too tight.

Choice C is wrong because Redness, Immune response, Cellular regulation, Event are not treatments but symptoms or processes of inflammation.

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A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses on the different levels of illness prevention. The nurse should include which of the following as an example of secondary prevention?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While preparing a client for surgery, the nurse marks the arm that is to be amputated and participates in a “time-out” procedure before the surgery begins. Which sentinel event is this action intended to prevent?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse knows that the first-line treatment for localized inflammation (for example, on a patient’s ankle) is RICE. This acronym means:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses on the different levels of illness prevention.
The nurse should include which of the following as an example of secondary prevention?