An elderly client is admitted to the hospital looking unkempt, with dirty clothing, and she smells of urine.
The nurse is aware this may be:

Institutionalism.

Neglect.

Emotional abuse.

Stubborn behavior.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Neglect refers to the refusal or failure to provide an elderly person with necessary care, such as food, water, shelter, personal hygiene, medicine, and other essentials of daily living. Signs and symptoms of neglect in elders can include: dehydration, malnutrition, bed sores, fractures, urinary tract infections, contractures, over-medication, elopements, and poor personal hygiene. An elderly client who is admitted to the hospital looking unkempt, with dirty clothing, and smelling of urine may be suffering from neglect by a caregiver or by themselves (self-neglect).

Choice A is wrong because institutionalism is not a type of elder abuse but a term that describes the loss of individuality and autonomy that can occur in institutional settings such as nursing homes.

Choice C is wrong because emotional abuse is the infliction of mental or emotional anguish by threat, humiliation, intimidation, or other abusive conduct. Signs and symptoms of emotional abuse in elders can include: depression, confusion, withdrawal, isolation from friends and family. An elderly client who smells of urine may not necessarily be emotionally abused.

Choice D is wrong because stubborn behavior is not a type of elder abuse but a personality trait that may or may not be present in an elderly person.

Stubborn behavior does not indicate any harm or neglect inflicted upon an older adult by others or themselves.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Replacing wet clothing with dry clothing is an independent nursing intervention that can help prevent further heat loss and gradually warm the patient. Soaking extremities in hot water (choice A) is not recommended because it can cause vasodilation and hypotension. Administering warmed intravenous fluids (choice B) and administering hot whirlpool therapy (choice C) are not independent nursing interventions because they require a physician’s order. They are also not appropriate for mild to moderate hypothermia because they can cause rapid rewarming and cardiac dysrhythmias.

A. a huge barrier in accessing health care. B. due to politics; not something nurses get involved with. C. only a problem for those who do not speak English. D. regulated by the Joint Commission.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A lack of insurance or lack of sufficient insurance is a huge barrier in accessing health care. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, uninsured people are less likely to receive preventive care and services for major health conditions and chronic diseases. They also face greater difficulties in affording care and paying medical bills.

Choice B is wrong because politics is not the only factor that affects the availability and affordability of health insurance. Other factors include income, employment status, age, health status, and geographic location. Nurses have a professional and ethical responsibility to advocate for the health needs of their clients and communities, which may involve engaging with political issues. Choice C is wrong because language is not the only problem for uninsured or underinsured clients. Other problems include cost, access, quality, and continuity of care. Language barriers may affect communication and understanding between clients and providers, but they can be addressed by using interpreters, translators, or culturally competent staff.

Choice D is wrong because the Joint Commission does not regulate insurance coverage. The Joint Commission is an independent, nonprofit organization that accredits and certifies health care organizations and programs in the United States. It sets standards for quality and safety of care, but it does not determine who is eligible for insurance or what benefits are covered.

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An elderly client is admitted to the hospital looking unkempt, with dirty clothing, and she smells of urine. The nurse is aware this may be:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Your patient was outdoors and developed hypothermia. You know that independent nursing interventions would include:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse educator is presenting information to a group of nursing students regarding uninsured and underinsured clients. The nurse educator emphasizes that a lack of insurance or lack of sufficient insurance is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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An elderly client is admitted to the hospital looking unkempt, with dirty clothing, and she smells of urine.
The nurse is aware this may be: