A client has a history of gastric bypass surgery within the past year. She presents to her primary care office for a check-up and states she has been troubled by several seemingly unrelated ailments: a sore tongue, tingling in her fingers, and “almost” falling several times due to lack of balance. The nurse notes that she is pale and slightly tachycardic.
Which type of anemia does the nurse suspect?
Folic acid deficiency anemia.
Aplastic anemia.
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
Acquired anemia.
The Correct Answer is C
This type of anemia is caused by the reduced absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine after gastric bypass surgery. Vitamin B12 is needed for the production of healthy red blood cells and nerve function. The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia include sore tongue, tingling in the fingers, and balance problems.
Choice A is wrong because folic acid deficiency anemia is caused by the lack of folic acid in the diet or increased demand for folic acid, such as during pregnancy.
Folic acid is also needed for red blood cell production, but it does not cause nerve symptoms.
Choice B is wrong because aplastic anemia is caused by the failure of the bone marrow to produce enough blood cells.
It is not related to gastric bypass surgery or nutrient deficiency. It can be caused by infections, drugs, radiation, or autoimmune diseases.
Choice D is wrong because acquired anemia is a general term for any type of anemia that is not inherited or present at birth.
It can have many causes, such as blood loss, infection, inflammation, or chronic disease.
It does not specify the type of anemia or the underlying mechanism. Normal ranges for hemoglobin are 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL for men and 12 to 15.5 g/dL for women. Normal ranges for vitamin B12 are 200 to 900 pg/mL.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This demonstrates advocacy for client rights because it respects the client’s autonomy, dignity, and preferences. It also helps the client to make informed decisions about their own health.
Choice B is wrong because telling the client that refusal of the medication is considered noncompliance is coercive and violates the client’s right to refuse treatment.
It also does not address the client’s reasons for refusing the medication or provide any information or education.
Choice C is wrong because informing the client that the medication is the same as taken at home is not enough to ensure that the client understands the purpose, benefits, and risks of the medication.
It also does not verify that the client is taking the medication correctly at home or that there are no changes in the dosage or frequency.
Choice D is wrong because insisting the client takes the prescribed medications is also coercive and violates the client’s right to refuse treatment.
It also does not respect the client’s autonomy, dignity, and preferences.
It may also cause harm to the client if they have an allergy, intolerance, or contraindication to the medication.
Advocacy for nursing stems from a philosophy of nursing in which nursing practice is the support of an individual to promote his or her own well-being, as understood by that individual. It is an ethic of practice that requires nurses to protect and uphold their patients’ rights, values, and interests.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
This is because the nurse should not make assumptions about the family’s functionality based on their history or situation, but rather gather more information to identify their strengths and needs.
Choice A is wrong because it implies that the teenager is a problem and the mother is incapable of managing him, which is disrespectful and judgmental.
Choice C is wrong because it assumes that the mother is stressed and needs coping skills, which may not be true.
Choice D is wrong because it suggests that the mother is financially dependent on her son, which is not relevant to the question.
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