A nurse is caring for a client who has a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of one eye.
The nurse should identify that this is a manifestation of which of the following visual impairments?
Cataracts.
Diabetic retinopathy.
Glaucoma.
Macular degeneration.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Cataracts are a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of one eye that can impair vision
Choice B is wrong because diabetic retinopathy is a condition that affects the blood vessels of the retina, not the lens. It can cause blurred vision, floaters, or vision loss
Choice C is wrong because glaucoma is a condition that damages the optic nerve due to high pressure in the eye. It can cause blind spots, halos around lights, or vision loss
Choice D is wrong because macular degeneration is a condition that damages the macula, the central part of the retina. It can cause blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field
: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cataracts/
: https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and diseases/diabetic-retinopathy
: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glaucoma/symptoms causes/syc-20372839
: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macular_degeneration
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The nurse has a legal and ethical obligation to report any suspected abuse of a vulnerable client, such as an older adult. Reporting the findings is the first action the nurse should take to protect the client and initiate an investigation by the appropriate authorities.
Choice A is wrong because investigating further to confirm the suspicion is not within the nurse’s scope of practice and could delay the reporting process.
Choice C is wrong because providing the client with a crisis hotline number is not enough to ensure the client’s safety and well-being.
The client might not be able to access the hotline or might be afraid to use it.
Choice D is wrong because discussing respite care with the client’s family is not appropriate at this stage.
The nurse should not assume that the family member is willing or able to provide adequate care for the client.
Respite care might be an option after the abuse is reported and investigated.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Some of the symptoms of heat stroke are:
• High body temperature of 104 F (40 C) or higher
• Altered mental state or behavior, such as confusion, agitation, slurred speech, seizures or coma
• Lack of sweating despite the heat
• Red, hot and dry skin
• Rapid and strong pulse
• Throbbing headach
• Nausea and vomiting
Choice B is wrong because it is necessary to call 911 if someone has heat stroke. Heat stroke is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention and cooling of the body.
Choice C is wrong because it is not normal to vomit and not sweat during a marathon. Vomiting and lack of sweating are signs of dehydration and heat stroke, which indicate that the body is unable to regulate its temperature properly.
Choice D is wrong because getting the patient to a cooler, air-conditioned place will not reverse the heat exhaustion.
Heat exhaustion is a milder form of heat-related illness that can lead to heat stroke if not treated. Heat exhaustion symptoms include heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea and muscle cramps. Getting the patient to a cooler place may help with heat exhaustion, but heat stroke requires more aggressive cooling measures such as immersing the patient in cold water or applying ice packs to the body.
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