A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about physical manifestations associated with the fight-or-flight response to stress.
Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include?
Decreased blood pressure.
Bronchial airway constriction.
Hypoglycemia.
Dilated pupils.
The Correct Answer is D
This is because the fight-or-flight response activates the sympathetic nervous system, which causes the pupils to dilate to allow more light and improve vision.
Choice A is wrong because the fight-or-flight response increases blood pressure by constricting blood vessels and increasing heart rate.
Choice B is wrong because the fight-or-flight response causes bronchial airway dilation to allow more oxygen intake and facilitate breathing.
Choice C is wrong because the fight-or-flight response causes hyperglycemia by stimulating the release of glucose from the liver and muscles to provide energy.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg, for blood glucose are 70 mg/dL to 100 mg/dL, and for pupil size are 2 mm to 6 mm.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This helps increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and corrects anemia.
Choice B is wrong because erythropoietin is not given to all people with anemia. It is only used for certain types of anemia, such as those caused by chronic kidney disease or chemotherapy.
Choice C is wrong because erythropoietin is not given for iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is treated with iron supplements and dietary changes.
Choice D is wrong because erythropoietin does not stimulate bone marrow production of white blood cells. White blood cells are involved in immune responses and are produced by different growth factors.
Question 22.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Localized warmth at the site of injury is a sign of localized inflammation of the tissues, which is a response to tissue damage caused by an ankle injury. Localized inflammation involves changes in blood flow, vessel permeability, and leukocyte migration to the site of injury. Heat is one of the five classic signs of acute local inflammation, along with redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function.
Choice A is wrong because 3+ palpable pedal pulses below the affected injury site indicate normal blood flow to the foot and do not reflect inflammation.
Choice B is wrong because full range of motion at the site of injury is unlikely in the presence of inflammation, which usually causes pain and loss of function.
Choice C is wrong because sanguineous drainage at the site of injury is a sign of bleeding, not inflammation.
Inflammation may cause fluid leakage from blood vessels, but this fluid is usually clear or yellowish, not bloody.
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