A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hyponatremia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Choice A reason:

Natal Infant Pa Scale PS the Natal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) should not be used because is a pain assessment tool primarily used for preterm and term infants up to 6 weeks of age. It assesses facial expression, cry, breathing patterns, arm movements, and leg movements. While it can be used for some newborns, the PIPP is more suitable for assessing pain in newborns born before 37 weeks of gestation.

Choice B reason:

FACES pain rating scale The FACES pain rating scale should not be used because it is a visual scale that uses facial expressions to assess pain in children who can communicate using pictures of faces displaying different emotions. It is generally used for older children and not appropriate for newborns.

Choice C reason

The Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) is a pain assessment tool should be used because it is specifically designed for assessing pain in preterm and term newborn infants. It is commonly used for newborns who were delivered before 37 weeks of gestation or those who are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.

Since the newborn in this scenario was delivered at 38 weeks of gestation, the PIPP would be an appropriate pain assessment tool to use. It considers specific physiological and behavioural indicators of pain in newborns and helps healthcare providers evaluate and manage pain in this vulnerable population

Choice D reason:

Visual analog scale (VAS) should not be used because the visual analog scale is a pain assessment tool typically used for older children, adolescents, and adults who can understand and provide a subjective rating of their pain intensity along a linear scale. It involves marking a point on the line corresponding to the level of pain experienced. Since newborns cannot communicate in this way, the VAS is not suitable for their pain assessment.

Answer: A. Physical assessment findings

Rationale: Physical assessment findings are relevant information for a physical therapist, as they provide information about the client's mobility, strength, balance, coordination, pain, and functional status.