A nurse is collecting data from a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Choice A reason:

Brown in color. The rationale for this choice is that a partial-thickness burn involves damage to the epidermis and the dermis but not the full thickness of the skin. It typically presents with redness, swelling, and blisters. While the burned area may have some discoloration, it is more likely to be red or pink rather than brown. Brown coloration would suggest a deeper burn involving the full thickness of the skin and potentially underlying structures.

Choice B reason:

Leathery appearance. This choice is not expected in a partial-thickness burn. A leathery appearance is characteristic of a full-thickness (third-degree) burn, which involves the destruction of the epidermis, dermis, and potentially deeper tissues. In a partial-thickness burn, the skin may appear red, swollen, and blistered, but it should not have a leathery texture.

Choice C reason:

Visible ligaments. This choice is not indicative of a partial-thickness burn either. Partial- thickness burns primarily affect the epidermis and dermis, but they do not extend deep enough to expose ligaments or other structures below the skin. Visible ligaments would suggest a full-thickness burn or an injury that extends beyond the skin layers.

Choice D reason:

Blister formation. This is the correct choice. Blister formation is a common clinical manifestation of a partial-thickness burn. The injury causes fluid accumulation between the layers of the skin (epidermis and dermis), leading to the formation of blisters. The blisters may be filled with clear fluid and are usually painful and sensitive to touch.

Choice A reason:

Insomnia may not be an expected finding in a school-age child with a newly diagnosed brain tumor. While sleep disturbances can occur due to various medical conditions, insomnia is not a common presenting symptom of brain tumors in this age group. Thus, it is less likely to be the correct answer.

Choice B reason:

A negative Babinski sign would actually be a normal finding in a school-age child. The Babinski sign is a neurological test that becomes positive in certain conditions, but a negative result is expected in a healthy child. Therefore, this finding is not indicative of a brain tumor and is not the correct choice.

Choice C reason:

Increased appetite is also an unlikely finding in a child with a newly diagnosed brain tumor. Brain tumors can lead to various neurological symptoms, but an increased appetite is not a characteristic feature. Thus, this choice is less likely to be correct.

Choice D reason:

Incoordination is a more expected finding in a school-age child with a newly diagnosed brain tumor. Brain tumors can affect motor skills and coordination due to their location and impact on the brain's functions. Children may experience difficulties with balance, coordination, and fine motor skills. Therefore, this choice is the most likely correct answer.