A nurse is checking for paradoxical blood pressure on a client who has constrictive pericarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Apical pulse rate different than the radial pulse rate
Increase in heart rate by 20% when standing
Drop in systolic BP by 20 mm Hg when moving from a lying to a sitting position
Drop in systolic BP more than 10 mm Hg on inspiration
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: An apical pulse rate different than the radial pulse rate is known as a pulse deficit, which can indicate atrial fibrillation or other cardiac arrhythmias, but it is not related to paradoxical blood pressure or constrictive pericarditis.
Choice B reason: An increase in heart rate by 20% when standing is indicative of orthostatic hypotension, not paradoxical blood pressure. This condition involves a drop in blood pressure upon standing, leading to a compensatory increase in heart rate.
Choice C reason: A drop in systolic BP by 20 mm Hg when moving from a lying to a sitting position is another indicator of orthostatic hypotension, not paradoxical blood pressure.
Choice D reason: The correct answer is d because a drop in systolic BP of more than 10 mm Hg on inspiration, known as pulsus paradoxus, is a characteristic finding in constrictive pericarditis. This occurs due to the impaired filling of the heart during inspiration, leading to a significant drop in systolic blood pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Positioning the client supine may increase intracranial pressure. The client should be positioned with the head of the bed elevated to promote drainage and reduce pressure.
Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because changing the nasal drip pad as needed helps monitor for excessive drainage, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and infection following pituitary gland removal.
Choice C reason: Frequent brushing of teeth should be avoided initially to prevent disruption of the surgical site and decrease the risk of infection. Gentle oral hygiene can be encouraged instead.
Choice D reason: Encouraging the client to cough every 2 hours can increase intracranial pressure and is not recommended following pituitary gland surgery. Deep breathing exercises without coughing are more appropriate.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Keeping the television on at all times can contribute to overstimulation and confusion for clients with Alzheimer's disease. It is better to have the television on at specific times and choose calming, familiar programs.
Choice B reason: Hanging abstract pictures on the walls can be confusing and disorienting for clients with Alzheimer's disease. Simple, familiar images or family photographs are more helpful in creating a comforting environment.
Choice C reason: The correct answer is c because keeping familiar personal items in the client's room can provide a sense of security and comfort. Familiar objects can help reduce confusion and anxiety in clients with Alzheimer's disease.
Choice D reason: While adequate lighting is important, bright lighting can sometimes cause discomfort or glare. It is better to have soft, consistent lighting that helps the client feel safe and oriented without causing overstimulation.
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