A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition?

Firmly attached white particles on the hair

Itching and scratching of the head

Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base

Patchy areas of hair loss

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Firmly attached white particles on the hair:

Firmly attached white particles on the hair are characteristic of nits, which are the eggs of lice. While this finding supports the diagnosis of pediculosis capitis, it is not a definitive indication on its own.

B. Itching and scratching of the head:

Itching and scratching of the head are common symptoms of pediculosis capitis. However, they are also common symptoms of various other scalp conditions, so they are not definitive indications.

C. Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base:

This description is more characteristic of impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, rather than pediculosis capitis. Impetigo typically presents with yellow-crusted lesions on a red base, but it does not involve lice infestation.

D. Patchy areas of hair loss:

Patchy areas of hair loss are not typically associated with pediculosis capitis. This finding is more suggestive of conditions like alopecia areata or fungal infections.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Move the child into a side-lying position:

This action is crucial during a seizure with vomiting to prevent aspiration. Placing the child on their side helps ensure that any vomit can easily exit the mouth and reduces the risk of choking or aspiration into the lungs.

B. Place a pillow under the child's head:

While providing comfort is important, it is not the priority during a seizure with vomiting. Placing a pillow under the child's head might elevate the head slightly, but it doesn't address the risk of aspiration, which is the primary concern.

C. Time the seizure:

Timing the seizure is important for documentation and to monitor the duration of the seizure. However, it is not the priority during the active phase of the seizure, especially when vomiting is occurring.

D. Remove the child's eyeglasses:

Removing the child's eyeglasses is not a priority during a seizure with vomiting. While it's important to prevent injury, particularly to the eyes, during a seizure, the immediate concern is addressing the risk of aspiration caused by vomiting.

A. Place the child in a side-lying position. B. Restrain the child's arms. C. Elevate the child's legs on a pillow. D. Insert a padded tongue blade into the child's mouth.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Place the child in a side-lying position.

This is the correct action to take during a seizure to prevent aspiration and maintain an open airway. Placing the child in a side-lying position helps to prevent choking or aspiration if vomiting occurs and allows saliva or other fluids to drain out of the mouth instead of being inhaled into the lungs.

B. Restrain the child's arms.

Restraining the child's arms is not recommended during a seizure. It can potentially cause injury to the child or the person trying to restrain them. It may also exacerbate muscle spasms and increase the risk of injury during the seizure.

C. Elevate the child's legs on a pillow.

Elevating the child's legs on a pillow is not necessary during a seizure and is not a recommended intervention. It does not address the immediate needs of the child during a seizure, such as maintaining an open airway and preventing injury.

D. Insert a padded tongue blade into the child's mouth.

Inserting anything into the child's mouth during a seizure, including a tongue blade, is strongly discouraged. It can cause injury to the child's teeth, gums, or oral tissues and increase the risk of choking or aspiration. It may also result in the nurse getting bitten during the seizure. Maintaining a clear airway and ensuring the child's safety are the priorities during a seizure, and inserting objects into the mouth can interfere with these goals.

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A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition?

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