A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition?
Firmly attached white particles on the hair
Itching and scratching of the head
Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base
Patchy areas of hair loss
The Correct Answer is A
A. Firmly attached white particles on the hair:
Firmly attached white particles on the hair are characteristic of nits, which are the eggs of lice. While this finding supports the diagnosis of pediculosis capitis, it is not a definitive indication on its own.
B. Itching and scratching of the head:
Itching and scratching of the head are common symptoms of pediculosis capitis. However, they are also common symptoms of various other scalp conditions, so they are not definitive indications.
C. Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base:
This description is more characteristic of impetigo, a bacterial skin infection, rather than pediculosis capitis. Impetigo typically presents with yellow-crusted lesions on a red base, but it does not involve lice infestation.
D. Patchy areas of hair loss:
Patchy areas of hair loss are not typically associated with pediculosis capitis. This finding is more suggestive of conditions like alopecia areata or fungal infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Baseball games: Participating in baseball games may involve running, jumping, and sudden movements that could potentially strain the surgical area or cause discomfort. It's best to avoid strenuous physical activities like baseball until the child has fully recovered from orchiopexy.
B. Running around the playground: Running around the playground may also involve vigorous physical activity that could potentially affect the surgical site. It's advisable to limit activities that involve running or jumping until the child's healthcare provider gives clearance.
C. Horseback riding: Horseback riding involves sitting on a horse and may put pressure on the groin area, where the surgical site is located. It's generally recommended to avoid activities like horseback riding until the child has fully healed from orchiopexy.
D. Puzzle games: Puzzle games are typically low-impact activities that do not involve physical exertion or strain on the surgical area. Engaging in quiet, seated activities like puzzle games can be suitable for a child who is recovering from orchiopexy and may help keep them entertained during the recovery period.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Orange-tinged urine
- This manifestation is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Orange-tinged urine may indicate other conditions such as dehydration, liver disease, or the presence of certain medications or foods.
B. Hypertension
- Hypertension is not a common manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. However, it can occur in some cases due to the retention of sodium and water, which can lead to fluid overload and increased blood pressure.
C. Periorbital edema
- This is a classic manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. Periorbital edema, or swelling around the eyes, is often one of the initial signs observed in children with nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of protein in the urine, leading to fluid accumulation in the tissues.
D. Polyuria
- Polyuria, or increased urine output, is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. Instead, children with nephrotic syndrome may experience oliguria or normal urine output, depending on the severity of renal involvement and fluid balance.
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