A nurse is caring for an infant who has aganglionic megacolon causing decreased motility of part of the intestine. The nurse should identify this finding of mechanical obstruction as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Pyloric stenosis
Encopresis
Hirschsprung's disease
Enterocolitis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pyloric stenosis involves obstruction at the outlet of the stomach and is not related to the large intestine.
B. Encopresis refers to bowel incontinence and is not typically associated with mechanical obstruction of the large intestine.
C. Hirschsprung's disease, characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the large intestine, results in decreased motility and mechanical obstruction, leading to megacolon.
D. Enterocolitis is inflammation of the intestines and can be a complication of Hirschsprung's disease but is not the primary disorder causing mechanical obstruction.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pyloric stenosis involves obstruction at the outlet of the stomach and is not related to the large intestine.
B. Encopresis refers to bowel incontinence and is not typically associated with mechanical obstruction of the large intestine.
C. Hirschsprung's disease, characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the large intestine, results in decreased motility and mechanical obstruction, leading to megacolon.
D. Enterocolitis is inflammation of the intestines and can be a complication of Hirschsprung's disease but is not the primary disorder causing mechanical obstruction.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pediatric fluid replacement guidelines differ from those for adults due to differences in physiology and fluid requirements.
B. Providing excessive fluid replacement can lead to complications such as fluid overload; fluid replacement should be tailored to the individual child's needs.
C. Adjusting fluid replacement based on weight and age is essential in pediatric patients to ensure appropriate hydration and electrolyte balance.
D. Ignoring fluid replacement can lead to dehydration, especially in cases of illness or surgical procedures, where fluid needs may be increased.
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