A nurse is caring for an infant who has aganglionic megacolon causing decreased motility of part of the intestine. The nurse should identify this finding of mechanical obstruction as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?
Pyloric stenosis
Encopresis
Hirschsprung's disease
Enterocolitis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Pyloric stenosis involves obstruction at the outlet of the stomach and is not related to the large intestine.
B. Encopresis refers to bowel incontinence and is not typically associated with mechanical obstruction of the large intestine.
C. Hirschsprung's disease, characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the large intestine, results in decreased motility and mechanical obstruction, leading to megacolon.
D. Enterocolitis is inflammation of the intestines and can be a complication of Hirschsprung's disease but is not the primary disorder causing mechanical obstruction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A flaccid abdomen might be present but is not specific for a ruptured appendix.
B. A low-grade fever may be present in both uncomplicated and perforated appendicitis.
C. A sudden decrease in abdominal pain after a period of worsening pain can indicate a ruptured appendix, which is life-threatening.
D. Absent Rovsing's sign (pain in the right lower quadrant when pressure is applied to the left lower quadrant) is not indicative of perforation but rather a sign of localized tenderness.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administering a broad-spectrum antibiotic is not indicated unless a specific bacterial infection is diagnosed.
B. Administering an over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication may not be appropriate, especially in cases where the cause of diarrhea is unknown.
C. Encouraging a high-fiber diet may worsen symptoms in cases of acute diarrhea.
D. Monitoring the child's hydration status closely is crucial in managing watery diarrhea to prevent dehydration.
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