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A nurse is caring for a newly-admitted client.

Exhibits
The nurse is developing a plan of care with a cardiac rehabilitation team. Which of the following topics should the nurse recommend the team plan to address with the client? Select all that apply.

Cardioversion therapy

Relaxation techniques

Potential pacemaker placement

Blood pressure management

Meal planning ideas

Nitroglycerin self-administration

Physical activity recommendations

Smoking cessation program

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E,F,G,H

Rationale:

A. Cardioversion therapy: There is no evidence of arrhythmias requiring cardioversion, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. The client’s rhythm disturbances are not documented, and this is not relevant to their current clinical condition.

B. Relaxation techniques: The client has a long-standing history of generalized anxiety disorder and is exhibiting current anxiety with fear of dying. Incorporating relaxation strategies can reduce cardiac workload, support mental health, and prevent future anxiety-related complications.

C. Potential pacemaker placement: There is no indication of conduction delays, bradyarrhythmias, or heart block that would warrant pacemaker therapy. The client's vital signs and cardiac history do not support this as a current or anticipated need.

D. Blood pressure management: Although BP is currently stable, the client is post-MI with a history of hyperlipidemia and smoking. Ongoing BP control reduces strain on the heart and is vital to secondary prevention of cardiac events and stroke recurrence.

E. Meal planning ideas: The client is dissatisfied with the hospital diet and has no structured dietary practices at home. Providing cardiac-healthy meal planning strategies can improve lipid profile, manage weight, and prevent diet-related risk factor escalation.

F. Nitroglycerin self-administration: The client recently used nitroglycerin effectively for chest pain relief. Education on proper use, frequency, and when to seek emergency care is essential to empower the client in self-management and prevent complications.

G. Physical activity recommendations: The client currently avoids exercise due to fatigue but requires guided activity to support cardiac recovery. Tailored recommendations from rehab experts can improve endurance, reduce fatigue, and promote cardiovascular fitness safely.

H. Smoking cessation program: Although smoking less frequently, the client is still actively smoking. Smoking is a significant modifiable risk factor for recurrent MI and COPD exacerbation. A structured cessation program supports long-term abstinence and respiratory health.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Assess the client's peripheral pulses every 15 min: Frequent assessment of peripheral pulses is essential to monitor for signs of arterial obstruction, bleeding, or hematoma formation at the femoral site. This helps ensure adequate perfusion and detect complications early.

B. Elevate the head of the client's bed to 45°: After femoral catheterization, the head of the bed should be elevated no more than 30° to reduce pressure at the puncture site and prevent bleeding. A 45° angle may increase the risk of hemorrhage.

C. Change the client's dressing 4 hr following the procedure: The dressing should remain in place and be monitored for signs of bleeding or saturation. Routine dressing changes shortly after the procedure are not recommended unless soiled or ordered.

D. Instruct the client to flex the right knee every 30 min: Flexing the leg increases the risk of dislodging the clot or reopening the arterial puncture site. The affected leg should remain straight and immobilized for several hours post-procedure.

A. Palpate the pulse distal to the cast. B. Position the casted extremity on a pillow. C. Place an ice pack over the cast. D. Teach the client to keep the cast clean and dry.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Palpate the pulse distal to the cast: Assessing neurovascular status is the priority immediately after cast application. Palpating the distal pulse helps determine adequate circulation and can detect complications like compartment syndrome early, which can lead to permanent damage if untreated.

B. Position the casted extremity on a pillow: Elevating the extremity helps reduce swelling and pain, but it is a secondary action. Ensuring perfusion through a pulse check takes precedence before supportive comfort measures are initiated.

C. Place an ice pack over the cast: Cold therapy can help minimize swelling and pain in the initial hours after casting, but it should only be done after confirming that circulation is intact. Ice packs should also be used carefully to prevent moisture from damaging the cast.

D. Teach the client to keep the cast clean and dry: Education is important for long-term cast care, but it is not the immediate priority after application. Early assessment for circulation, sensation, and movement must occur first to ensure the cast has not compromised perfusion.

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A nurse is caring for a newly-admitted client. Exhibits The nurse is developing a plan of care with a cardiac rehabilitation team. Which of the following topics should the nurse recommend the team plan to address with the client? Select all that apply.

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Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a newly-admitted client.

Exhibits
The nurse is developing a plan of care with a cardiac rehabilitation team. Which of the following topics should the nurse recommend the team plan to address with the client? Select all that apply.