A nurse is caring for a newly-admitted client.
Cardioversion therapy
Relaxation techniques
Potential pacemaker placement
Blood pressure management
Meal planning ideas
Nitroglycerin self-administration
Physical activity recommendations
Smoking cessation program
Correct Answer : B,D,E,F,G,H
Rationale:
A. Cardioversion therapy: There is no evidence of arrhythmias requiring cardioversion, such as atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. The client’s rhythm disturbances are not documented, and this is not relevant to their current clinical condition.
B. Relaxation techniques: The client has a long-standing history of generalized anxiety disorder and is exhibiting current anxiety with fear of dying. Incorporating relaxation strategies can reduce cardiac workload, support mental health, and prevent future anxiety-related complications.
C. Potential pacemaker placement: There is no indication of conduction delays, bradyarrhythmias, or heart block that would warrant pacemaker therapy. The client's vital signs and cardiac history do not support this as a current or anticipated need.
D. Blood pressure management: Although BP is currently stable, the client is post-MI with a history of hyperlipidemia and smoking. Ongoing BP control reduces strain on the heart and is vital to secondary prevention of cardiac events and stroke recurrence.
E. Meal planning ideas: The client is dissatisfied with the hospital diet and has no structured dietary practices at home. Providing cardiac-healthy meal planning strategies can improve lipid profile, manage weight, and prevent diet-related risk factor escalation.
F. Nitroglycerin self-administration: The client recently used nitroglycerin effectively for chest pain relief. Education on proper use, frequency, and when to seek emergency care is essential to empower the client in self-management and prevent complications.
G. Physical activity recommendations: The client currently avoids exercise due to fatigue but requires guided activity to support cardiac recovery. Tailored recommendations from rehab experts can improve endurance, reduce fatigue, and promote cardiovascular fitness safely.
H. Smoking cessation program: Although smoking less frequently, the client is still actively smoking. Smoking is a significant modifiable risk factor for recurrent MI and COPD exacerbation. A structured cessation program supports long-term abstinence and respiratory health.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Rationale:
- Hypercapnia: This is a hallmark of malignant hyperthermia (MH), resulting from uncontrolled calcium release in muscle cells leading to increased metabolism and CO2 production. It is not typical of latex allergy or hypovolemic shock. Neither condition causes increased carbon dioxide retention from muscle metabolism.
- Tachycardia: Elevated heart rate is common in MH due to hypermetabolic state, in latex allergy as part of anaphylaxis response, and in hypovolemic shock as a compensatory mechanism for decreased circulating volume.
- Wheezing: Wheezing reflects bronchospasm, a common feature of latex allergy/anaphylaxis, but is not a symptom of MH or hypovolemic shock.
- Urticaria (hives): Urticaria is a typical allergic skin reaction seen in latex allergy but is absent in MH and hypovolemic shock.
- Muscle rigidity: Muscle rigidity, particularly jaw muscle rigidity (masseter spasm), is a classic sign of MH due to abnormal muscle metabolism. This finding is not associated with latex allergy or hypovolemic shock.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"D","dropdown-group-2":"C"}
Explanation
Rationale for Correct Choices:
- Intravenous antibiotic: The client shows multiple signs of endometritis: uterine tenderness, foul-smelling lochia, fever, tachycardia, and elevated WBC count. IV antibiotics are the first-line treatment for postpartum uterine infections, particularly after cesarean delivery with risk factors like prolonged rupture of membranes.
- Increase in daily fluid intake: Clients with infection and fever require increased hydration to support perfusion, manage elevated metabolic demands, and help clear the infection. Fever and poor bowel motility may also contribute to mild dehydration, making fluid support essential.
Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
- Intrauterine tamponade balloon: This is used to control postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony or trauma. Although the fundus was boggy, it firmed with massage, and there is no indication of active or excessive bleeding, making tamponade unnecessary.
- Kleihauer-Betke test: This test detects fetal blood in the maternal circulation and is used after trauma or suspected fetal-maternal hemorrhage, especially in Rh-negative mothers. It is not relevant to this postpartum infection scenario.
- Tocolytic medication: Tocolytics are used during pregnancy to suppress preterm labor by relaxing the uterus. In the postpartum period, they are not indicated and would be contraindicated in the presence of infection, as they can reduce uterine tone and worsen involution.
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