A nurse is caring for a client with asthma. Which of the following happens physiologically when bronchospasm occurs?
Decreased mucus production contributes to airway constriction.
Inflammation is reduced due to airway diameter.
Bronchospasm occurs when there is Inflammation, edema, and excess mucus.
Airway obstruction occurs due to thinning mucus.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
Decreased mucus production contributes to airway constriction: This statement is incorrect. Bronchospasm does not decrease mucus production; instead, it primarily affects the smooth muscles surrounding the bronchioles, leading to their constriction and narrowing of the airways. Increased mucus production, often accompanied by inflammation, can contribute to airway obstruction in conditions like asthma.
Choice B Reason:
Inflammation is reduced due to airway diameter: This statement is incorrect. Bronchospasm typically occurs in the setting of inflammation in conditions such as asthma. Constriction of the airways during bronchospasm exacerbates the inflammation and can further narrow the airways, leading to symptoms such as wheezing and dyspnea.
Choice C Reason:
Bronchospasm occurs when there is inflammation, edema, and excess mucus: This statement is partially correct. Bronchospasm often occurs in the presence of inflammation, edema, and excess mucus production, as seen in conditions like asthma. These factors contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness, leading to bronchospasm and airway narrowing.
Choice D Reason:
Airway obstruction occurs due to thinning mucus: This statement is incorrect. Airway obstruction in conditions like asthma is primarily due to bronchospasm, inflammation, and excessive mucus production, rather than thinning mucus. Thinning of mucus would not typically contribute to airway obstruction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Sexual intercourse is correct. Stimulation of the genitalia or other areas below the level of injury can trigger autonomic dysreflexia in individuals with spinal cord injuries.
Choice B Reason:
Tight clothing is correct. Any form of tight or restrictive clothing, including belts or waistbands, can stimulate the body below the level of injury and trigger autonomic dysreflexia.
Choice C Reason:
Nausea is incorrect. While nausea itself is not a common trigger for autonomic dysreflexia, it may occur as a result of the condition. Autonomic dysreflexia can cause a variety of symptoms, including nausea, due to the sudden increase in blood pressure.
Choice D Reason:
Surgery below the level of injury is correct. Surgical procedures performed below the level of the spinal cord injury can lead to stimulation of the body below the injury site, triggering autonomic dysreflexia.
Choice E Reason:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is correct. Infections of the urinary tract, especially those involving the bladder or urethra, can stimulate the body below the level of injury, leading to autonomic dysreflexia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Prothrombin time (PT) is a laboratory test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot is incorrect. While PT may be part of a comprehensive evaluation in some cases, it is not typically the initial diagnostic test performed for a TIA. A TIA is caused by a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain, often due to an embolus or transient blockage in a cerebral artery, rather than a primary disorder of blood clotting.
Choice B Reason:
Complete blood count (CBC) is incorrect. A complete blood count (CBC) is a common laboratory test that evaluates the cellular components of the blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. While CBC can provide valuable information about hematological conditions such as anemia or thrombocytosis, it is not specific to diagnosing the cause of a TIA. TIA is primarily a vascular event related to transient ischemia in the brain rather than a disorder of blood cell counts.
Choice C Reason:
Computerized tomography angiography (CTA) is appropriate. CTA is a non-invasive imaging test that combines computed tomography (CT) scanning with contrast dye to visualize blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the brain. CTA can help identify any blockages, narrowing, or abnormalities in the blood vessels supplying the brain, which may be contributing to the TIA. It provides detailed images of the blood vessels' structure and can help guide further management and treatment decisions.
Choice D Reason:
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is inappropriate. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is an imaging test that provides detailed images of the heart and major blood vessels using sound waves. While TEE may be indicated in some cases of TIA to evaluate for potential cardiac sources of emboli (blood clots), such as atrial fibrillation or cardiac valve abnormalities, it is not typically the first-line diagnostic test performed in the emergency department setting for evaluating a TIA. Initial imaging studies such as CTA or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain are usually prioritized to assess for acute changes in cerebral blood flow and potential causes of the TIA.
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