Which of the following information should the nurse include when educating a client who has pulmonary edema as a result of a pre-existing cardiac

condition?
(Select All that Apply.)

Choice A Reason:

Nutritional therapy is not appropriate. While nutritional therapy may be involved in assessing the client's overall nutritional status and dietary needs, it may not specifically address the swallowing difficulty associated with Parkinson's disease.

Choice B Reason:

Speech therapy is appropriate. Speech therapy, also known as speech-language pathology, plays a crucial role in assessing and managing dysphagia. Speech therapists can evaluate the client's swallowing function and provide interventions to improve swallowing safety and efficiency.

Choice C Reason:

Occupational therapy is incorrect. Occupational therapy focuses on helping individuals engage in meaningful activities of daily living. While occupational therapists may play a role in dysphagia management, speech therapy is typically the primary discipline involved in addressing swallowing difficulties.

Choice D Reason:

Respiratory therapy: Respiratory therapy primarily focuses on evaluating and managing respiratory conditions, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and ventilator support. While dysphagia can sometimes lead to aspiration pneumonia and respiratory complications, respiratory therapists are not typically involved in the assessment and management of dysphagia itself.

Choice A Reason:

Air cannot pass freely into the thoracic cavity through a chest wound is incorrect because air can indeed pass freely into the thoracic cavity through the chest wound in an open pneumothorax.

Choice B Reason:

The air is trapped when it enters the cavity is incorrect because the characteristic feature of an open pneumothorax is that air is not trapped; rather, it enters the thoracic cavity with each inhalation and exits with each exhalation through the chest wound.

Choice C Reason:

Air moves in and out of a wound in the chest wall is correct. In an open pneumothorax, also known as a "sucking chest wound," air can freely move in and out of the thoracic cavity through a wound in the chest wall. This occurs due to the creation of a communication pathway between the external environment and the pleural space, typically caused by a penetrating injury to the chest.

Choice D Reason:

There are no audible sounds in an open pneumothorax is incorrect because in an open pneumothorax, there may be audible sounds associated with the movement of air in and out of the wound, such as a sucking or bubbling sound, depending on the size and location of the wound. These sounds can be clinically significant and aid in the diagnosis of an open pneumothorax.