Which of the following information should the nurse include when educating a client who has pulmonary edema as a result of a pre-existing cardiac

condition?
(Select All that Apply.)

Weight control if the client's BMI is greater than 35

Healthy lifestyle

Smoking cessation

Heart disease prevention

Glycemic control if the client is diabetic

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

Choice A Reason:

Weight control if the client's BMI is greater than 35 is correct. Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and can exacerbate symptoms of heart failure. Weight control, particularly if the client's BMI is greater than 35, is important for managing cardiac conditions such as heart failure and reducing the risk of pulmonary edema.

Choice B Reason:

Healthy lifestyle is correct. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, balanced diet, adequate hydration, and stress management, is essential for managing cardiac conditions and reducing the risk of complications such as pulmonary edema.

Choice C Reason:

Smoking cessation is correct. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and can worsen heart failure symptoms. Smoking cessation is crucial for managing cardiac conditions and reducing the risk of pulmonary edema and other complications.

Choice D Reason:

Heart disease prevention is correct. Providing information about heart disease prevention strategies, such as maintaining a healthy diet, managing blood pressure and cholesterol levels, regular exercise, and regular medical check-ups, can help reduce the risk of exacerbations and complications in clients with pre-existing cardiac conditions.

Choice E Reason:

Glycemic control if the client is diabetic is correct. Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and can contribute to the development and progression of heart failure. Glycemic control, along with lifestyle modifications and medication management, is important for managing diabetes and reducing the risk of complications such as pulmonary edema.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

MS hug is appropriate. The "MS hug" is a colloquial term used to describe a sensation of tightness, pressure, or squeezing around the torso or chest area experienced by some individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is caused by spasms or contractions of the intercostal muscles (muscles between the ribs) or the diaphragm due to lesions in the spinal cord disrupting nerve signals. This sensation can be uncomfortable or painful for the individual.

Choice B Reason:

Lhermitte's sign is inappropriate. Lhermitte's sign is a common symptom experienced by individuals with MS but it presents differently. It is characterized by an electric shock-like sensation that radiates down the spine and into the limbs, typically triggered by flexing the neck forward. It is caused by damage to the spinal cord's myelin sheath, leading to abnormal nerve signal transmission.

Choice C Reason:

Paroxysmal spasms is inappropriate. Paroxysmal spasms are sudden, involuntary muscle contractions or jerking movements that can occur in various parts of the body. While spasms are common in MS, they are not specifically associated with the sensation of tightness around the torso as described in the scenario.

Choice D Reason:

Trigeminal neuralgia is inappropriate. Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by sudden, severe facial pain often described as stabbing or electric shock-like. It is caused by irritation or damage to the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for facial sensation. While individuals with MS may experience trigeminal neuralgia, it typically does not present with a tightening feeling around the torso.

A. Pupillary dilation B. Persistent headache C. Presence of hand tremors D. Difficulty waking E. Foot drop

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Pupillary dilation is correct. Pupillary changes can indicate neurological dysfunction following a head injury. Dilated pupils may suggest increased intracranial pressure or damage to specific brain structures.

Choice B Reason:

Persistent headache is correct .Headaches are a common symptom following a head injury. Persistent or worsening headaches can indicate ongoing neurological issues and should be monitored closely.

Choice C Reason:

Presence of hand tremors is incorrect. Hand tremors are not typically associated with loss of consciousness following a motor vehicle accident. While hand tremors can occur in various conditions, such as essential tremor or Parkinson's disease, they are not typically a direct manifestation of a head injury. The primary concern immediately following a motor vehicle accident with loss of consciousness is assessing for signs of neurological dysfunction, such as altered level of consciousness, pupillary changes, and persistent headache. Hand tremors may be assessed in other contexts, but they are not directly related to the immediate assessment of a client following a motor vehicle accident with loss of consciousness.

Choice D Reason:

Difficulty waking is correct. Difficulty waking or altered level of consciousness can indicate neurological impairment and may be indicative of a concussion or other brain injury.

E. Foot drop is incorrect. Foot drop refers to difficulty lifting the front part of the foot, which can cause dragging of the foot or toes along the ground while walking. While foot drop can result from various neurological conditions or injuries, it is not typically associated with loss of consciousness following a motor vehicle accident. Loss of consciousness after a motor vehicle accident is more indicative of potential head trauma or concussion, which may present with symptoms such as altered level of consciousness, headache, pupillary changes, or difficulty waking. Foot drop would be more relevant to assess in contexts related to peripheral nerve injury, spinal cord injury, or neurological conditions affecting the lower extremities. Given the scenario provided, foot drop is not a typical manifestation that the nurse would assess for immediately following a motor vehicle accident with loss of consciousness. Therefore, option E is not relevant in this scenario.

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Which of the following information should the nurse include when educating a client who has pulmonary edema as a result of a pre-existing cardiac condition? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and reports a tightening feeling around their torso. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize this finding indicates?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The client is alert and oriented and reports a loss of consciousness immediately after the accident. Which of the following additional manifestations should the nurse assess the client for? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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Which of the following information should the nurse include when educating a client who has pulmonary edema as a result of a pre-existing cardiac

condition?
(Select All that Apply.)