A nurse is providing teaching about potential complications to a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as a common complication of spinal cord injuries?
(Select All that Apply.)

Temperature sensitivity

Contractures

Sexual dysfunction

Disc degeneration

Urinary tract infections

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,E

Choice A Reason:

Spinal cord injuries can disrupt the autonomic nervous system, impairing the body's ability to regulate temperature (thermoregulation). This can lead to temperature sensitivity, with clients experiencing issues such as difficulty sweating, shivering, or adapting to extreme temperatures.

Choice B Reason:

Contractures, which are the shortening and tightening of muscles, tendons, or ligaments, can occur as a complication of spinal cord injuries. Immobility and spasticity commonly seen in SCI can contribute to the development of contractures.

Choice C Reason:

Sexual dysfunction is a common complication of spinal cord injuries. SCI can affect sexual function and reproductive health due to changes in sensation, mobility, and autonomic nervous system function.

Choice D Reason:

Disc degeneration, or degenerative disc disease, typically occurs as a result of aging and wear and tear on the spinal discs. While SCI may lead to changes in spinal alignment and biomechanics, it is not a direct cause of disc degeneration.

Choice E Reason:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common complication of spinal cord injuries. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction, which is common in SCI, can lead to urinary retention, incomplete bladder emptying, and urinary stasis, increasing the risk of UTIs.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by osmotic cerebral edema.": While osmotic imbalances can contribute to cerebral edema in certain situations, such as in cases of hyponatremia or hypertonic solutions, this response does not specifically address the underlying mechanism of cerebral edema in meningitis.

Choice B Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by whole body inflammation which affects the brain the most.": While inflammation plays a role, this statement is too broad. Meningitis specifically involves inflammation of the meninges (protective layers around the brain and spinal cord) rather than whole-body inflammation.

Choice C Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by the by-products of the pathogen that causes the meningitis.":This statement is partially correct. In bacterial or viral meningitis, the inflammatory response triggered by the pathogen can lead to cerebral edema. The release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators contributes to cerebral edema.

Choice D Reason:

"Cerebral edema is caused by cerebrospinal fluid flowing from the intraventricular space to the interstitial area of the brain.": This response inaccurately describes the mechanism of cerebral edema. Cerebral edema typically occurs due to increased fluid accumulation within the brain tissue rather than the flow of cerebrospinal fluid between compartments.

A. Loss of teeth B. Stroke C. Sleepiness D. Fatty deposits E. Muscle dysfunction

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Loss of teeth is not typically considered a direct factor contributing to obstructive sleep apnea. While the presence of teeth may play a role in maintaining the structure of the oral cavity, it is not a primary risk factor for OSA.

Choice B Reason:

Stroke is correct. Individuals who have had a stroke are at increased risk of developing obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke can cause damage to areas of the brain involved in controlling breathing and upper airway function, leading to disruptions in respiratory control during sleep.

Choice C Reason:

Sleepiness is a symptom commonly associated with obstructive sleep apnea rather than a direct contributing factor. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a consequence of disrupted sleep patterns and recurrent episodes of breathing cessation during the night, which are characteristic features of obstructive sleep apnea.

Choice D Reason:

Fatty deposits is correct. Excessive fatty deposits, particularly around the neck and throat, can contribute to the narrowing and collapse of the upper airway during sleep, increasing the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity is a significant risk factor for OSA due to the accumulation of fat deposits in the upper airway tissues.

Choice E Reason:

Muscle dysfunction is correct. Muscle dysfunction, particularly of the muscles surrounding the upper airway, can impair the ability of these muscles to keep the airway open during sleep. Weakness or dysfunction of these muscles can lead to increased collapsibility of the upper airway, contributing to obstructive sleep apnea.

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A nurse is providing teaching about potential complications to a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as a common complication of spinal cord injuries? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client admitted with meningitis. The student nurse asks, "I know that the client has a lot of edemas in the brain, but what causes it?" Which of the following responses from the nurse best answers the student's question?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is discussing factors that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea with a group of older adults. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.Loss

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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A nurse is providing teaching about potential complications to a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as a common complication of spinal cord injuries?
(Select All that Apply.)