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A nurse is caring for six clients. Which of the following clients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)?
(Select All that Apply.)

The client admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

The client admitted with sleep apnea

The client admitted with a hypertensive crisis

The client admitted for an exacerbation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

The client admitted with untreated tuberculosis

The client admitted with cirrhosis secondary to chronic alcohol use

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

Choice A Reason:

The client admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is correct. Diabetes is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy, particularly if poorly controlled. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar levels and ketone accumulation. Prolonged uncontrolled diabetes can lead to nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy.

Choice B Reason:

The client admitted with sleep apnea is incorrect. Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breathing during sleep. While sleep apnea itself is not typically associated with peripheral neuropathy, underlying conditions such as obesity or diabetes, which are risk factors for sleep apnea, can also increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy.

Choice C Reason:

The client admitted with a hypertensive crisis is incorrect. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is not directly associated with peripheral neuropathy. However, poorly controlled hypertension can lead to vascular complications and contribute to conditions such as atherosclerosis, which may indirectly increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy.

Choice D Reason:

The client admitted for an exacerbation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is correct. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect various organs and tissues, including the peripheral nerves. Peripheral neuropathy can occur as a complication of SLE, particularly in cases of active disease or as a result of certain medications used to treat SLE.

Choice E Reason:

The client admitted with untreated tuberculosis is incorrect. Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While TB itself is not typically associated with peripheral neuropathy, certain medications used to treat TB, such as isoniazid, can cause peripheral neuropathy as a side effect.

Choice F Reason:

The client admitted with cirrhosis secondary to chronic alcohol use is correct. Chronic alcohol use and cirrhosis can lead to various neurological complications, including peripheral neuropathy. Alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy often presents with sensory symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and pain in the extremities.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Respiratory alkalosis is incorrect. Tension pneumothorax typically leads to respiratory distress and hypoxemia rather than respiratory alkalosis. The respiratory alkalosis may occur initially due to hyperventilation in response to hypoxemia but would not be directly related to tracheal deviation.

Choice B Reason:

Increased venous return is incorrect. Tension pneumothorax actually leads to decreased venous return due to compression of the great vessels in the thorax, particularly the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava. This compression results from the increased pressure within the thorax, which impedes blood flow back to the heart.

Choice C Reason:

Decreased cardiac output is incorrect. Tension pneumothorax can indeed lead to decreased cardiac output due to compression of the heart and the great vessels by the accumulating air in the pleural space. This compression decreases venous return and impairs cardiac function.

Choice D Reason:

Dilated ventricles is incorrect. As mentioned earlier, tension pneumothorax can lead to compression of the heart, including the ventricles. This compression can cause dilatation of the ventricles, particularly the right ventricle, due to increased afterload and decreased venous return.

A. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease B. Laminectomy C. Hysterectomy D. Hyperthyroidism

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is inappropriate.COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by airflow limitation. While COPD does not directly cause spinal stenosis, some individuals with COPD may have comorbidities or risk factors, such as osteoporosis or degenerative changes in the spine, which can contribute to spinal stenosis.

Choice B Reason:

Laminectomy is appropriate. A laminectomy is a surgical procedure used to decompress the spinal cord or nerves by removing the lamina (back part of the vertebra). While a laminectomy can be a treatment option for spinal stenosis, it is not a risk factor for developing the condition.

Choice C Reason:

Hysterectomy is inappropriate. Hysterectomy, the surgical removal of the uterus, is not directly associated with spinal stenosis. However, certain conditions or factors leading to a hysterectomy, such as pelvic tumors or endometriosis, may indirectly contribute to spinal stenosis if they cause changes in the spine or affect posture.

Choice D Reason:

Hyperthyroidism is appropriate. Hyperthyroidism, a condition characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones, is not a known risk factor for spinal stenosis.

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A nurse is caring for six clients. Which of the following clients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)? (Select All that Apply.)

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A nurse is caring for six clients. Which of the following clients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)?
(Select All that Apply.)