A nurse is caring for a client who is taking valproic acid for seizure control. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor and report?
Weight loss
Jaundice
Bradycardia
Polyuria
The Correct Answer is B
Jaundice.
Rationale:
- A. Weight loss is not a common or serious adverse effect of valproic acid. Valproic acid can cause weight gain, not weight loss.
- B. Jaundice is a sign of liver damage, which is a serious and potentially fatal adverse effect of valproic acid. Valproic acid can impair fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function, leading to hepatotoxicity and steatosis. The nurse should monitor the client's liver function tests and report any signs of jaundice, such as yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, or clay-colored stools .
- C. Bradycardia is not a common or serious adverse effect of valproic acid. Valproic acid can cause cardiac arrhythmias, but they are usually tachycardic, not bradycardic.
- D. Polyuria is not a common or serious adverse effect of valproic acid. Valproic acid can cause hypernatremia and hypocalcemia, which can affect urine output, but polyuria is not a specific symptom of these electrolyte imbalances.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
You have the right to change your mind about this procedure at any time.
Rationale:
- A. "Perhaps you think the ECT is dangerous, but I've seen it have good results." This response is dismissive of the client's concerns and implies that the nurse knows better than the client.
- B. "You have the right to change your mind about this procedure at any time." This response respects the client's autonomy and informs them of their rights.
- C. "Everyone gets a little nervous about this procedure as the time for it approaches." This response minimizes the client's feelings and assumes that they are experiencing normal anxiety.
- D. "Your doctor wouldn't have suggested ECT if they didn't think it would help you." This response shifts the responsibility to the doctor and does not address the client's fears.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice C rationale:
The client's speech, "Tie a bow. Row the boat. Now I know. Whoa! I see you, yo," is an example of word salad. Word salad is a disorganized mixture of words and phrases that lack coherent meaning and logical connection. It is often observed in severe cases of schizophrenia or other mental health disorders and indicates a significant impairment in thought process and communication. In word salad, words and phrases are randomly juxtaposed, making it difficult to understand the intended message.
Choice A rationale:
Neologisms are newly coined words or phrases that have meaning only to the individual using them. Neologisms are often created by individuals with mental disorders and might not make sense to others. In the given speech, the words and phrases, although disorganized, are not newly coined or invented terms, so neologisms do not apply here. **
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