A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a procedure that required moderate sedation using midazolam. Which of the following should the nurse have on hand?

Choice A reason: Pork is prohibited in Islam (haram), and including it during Ramadan violates dietary laws, disrespecting the client’s faith. Scheduling meals after sundown respects fasting. Offering pork risks cultural insensitivity, potentially causing distress, critical to avoid in ensuring respectful, patient-centered care during Ramadan.

Choice B reason: Avoiding red meat is not a Ramadan or Islamic requirement; Muslims may consume halal red meat after sundown. Scheduling meals post-sundown is key. Assuming red meat avoidance risks unnecessary dietary restriction, potentially affecting nutrition, critical to prevent in supporting client health during fasting periods.

Choice C reason: Waiting 1 hour after dairy to serve poultry is not an Islamic dietary rule; it may reflect kosher practices. Scheduling meals after sundown aligns with Ramadan fasting. This assumption risks cultural confusion, delaying meals, critical to avoid in ensuring timely nutrition for Muslim clients during Ramadan.

Choice D reason: Scheduling meals after sundown respects Ramadan fasting, when Muslims eat during non-daylight hours (iftar). This ensures nutritional needs are met, critical for health, maintaining cultural sensitivity, and supporting client comfort, aligning with patient-centered care principles for devout Muslims observing Ramadan in healthcare settings.

Choice A reason: Personal blogs are unreliable, lacking evidence-based guidance for diabetes management, risking misinformation. ADA food exchange lists are credible. Providing blogs risks client confusion or harmful practices, critical to avoid in ensuring accurate, safe dietary education for type 2 diabetes mellitus management.

Choice B reason: The Institute of Medicine does not provide specific food label recommendations for diabetes; ADA exchange lists are standard. Assuming IOM resources are appropriate risks inadequate dietary guidance, potentially affecting glycemic control, critical to prevent in supporting effective diabetes self-management at discharge.

Choice C reason: ADA food exchange lists provide evidence-based meal planning, helping clients manage type 2 diabetes through balanced carbohydrate intake. This resource is critical for glycemic control, promoting adherence, ensuring nutritional education, and supporting long-term health, essential for effective diabetes management post-discharge.

Choice D reason: The Physicians’ Desk Reference provides medication details but not dietary guidance, unlike ADA exchange lists for diabetes meal planning. Assuming PDR is sufficient risks neglecting nutritional education, critical to avoid in ensuring comprehensive diabetes self-management and glycemic control at discharge.