A nurse is caring for a client who is in labour and notes that the umbilical cord is prolapsed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Loosely wrap the cord with petroleum gauze.

Place the client in Trendelenburg position.

Evaluate uterine tone.

Apply fundal pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

Wrapping the cord with petroleum gauze is not recommended. Handling the cord directly can lead to vasospasm and worsen the situation.

Choice B reason:

The Trendelenburg position involves placing the mother with her head lower than her pelvis. This position helps to alleviate pressure on the umbilical cord, reducing the risk of cord compression and compromising blood flow to the baby. Additionally, the nurse should also manually elevate the presenting part of the fetus off the umbilical cord to further relieve pressure. These actions can help mitigate the potential complications associated with umbilical cord prolapse until further medical interventions can be implemented.

Choice C reason:

Evaluate uterine tone. While evaluating uterine tone is an important part of the overall assessment during labour, it is not the priority action in the case of umbilical cord prolapse. The immediate concern is to relieve pressure on the cord.

Choice D reason:

Option D: Apply fundal pressure. Fundal pressure should not be applied during umbilical cord prolapse as it may push the baby's presenting part further onto the cord, worsening the situation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Natural loss of deciduous teeth is incorrect. Natural loss of deciduous teeth, also known as baby teeth, usually begins around the age of 5 or 6 years. At the age of 2, a toddler would still have their baby teeth.

Choice B reason:

This is a normal finding in toddlers. It is common for toddlers to have a protruding abdomen due to their body composition and the normal development of their abdominal muscles.

Choice C reason:

Head circumference exceeds chest circumference: In a typical 2-year-old toddler, the head circumference should be less than the chest circumference. The head grows rapidly during infancy and slows down as the child grows older, leading to a cage in the head-to-chest ratio.

Choice D reason:

The fontanels, or soft spots on the skull, usually close by the end of the first year. By age 2, the fontanels should be closed or very close to being closed, and they would not typically be palpable.

A. Discourage physical activity during the day. B. Use clothing with buttons and zippers. C. Establish a toileting schedule for the client D. Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Discourage physical activity during the day is incorrect. Encouraging physical activity is generally beneficial for individuals with dementia. Regular exercise can improve mood, reduce agitation, and enhance overall health. However, the level and type of physical activity should be tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences.

Choice B reason

Use clothing with buttons and zippers is incorrect. Clothing with buttons and zippers can be challenging for individuals with dementia due to fine motor skill impairments and difficulty with dressing. It is often recommended to use clothing with simple closures, such as Velcro or elastic bands, to make dressing easier and more manageable for the individual.

Choice C reason:

Individuals with dementia may experience difficulties with communication, memory, and problem-solving, which can affect their ability to recognize and express the need to use the restroom. As a result, they may be at risk of urinary or bowel incontinence. To address this concern and promote the client's comfort and dignity, establishing a toileting schedule is essential. A consistent routine for bathroom breaks can help prevent accidents and improve the client's overall well-being.

Choice D reason:

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation is incorrect. While sensory stimulation activities can be enjoyable and engaging for individuals with dementia, it is essential to select activities that are appropriate and not overwhelming. Some individuals with dementia may become overstimulated, which can lead to agitation or distress. Activities should be tailored to the individual's preferences and abilities.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is in labour and notes that the umbilical cord is prolapsed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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