A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following action should the nurse take?

Insert an oral airway into the client’s mouth

Measure the duration of the seizure.

Lower the side rails of the bed when the seizure begins.

Restrain the client's arms and legs to prevent injury.

None

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Attempting to force an object into the oral cavity during muscle contraction causes dental trauma or jaw fractures. It significantly increases the risk of aspiration if the object breaks or triggers a gag reflex. Modern clinical guidelines strictly prohibit the insertion of any device into the mouth during active convulsions. Airway patency is maintained by placing the client in a lateral position.

B. Tracking the exact duration of the ictal phase is a critical nursing responsibility for clinical assessment. This data determines the necessity for emergency benzodiazepines if the event lasts longer than 5 minutes. Precise timing helps differentiate between a self-limiting seizure and dangerous status epilepticus. The nurse must record the start and end times to guide medical intervention.

C. Lowering the side rails during a seizure increases the risk of the client falling from the height of the bed. Standard seizure precautions require that side rails remain raised and should be padded to prevent blunt force trauma. Ensuring the patient stays within the safe boundaries of the bed is a primary safety goal.

D. Physical restraints can cause severe musculoskeletal injuries such as fractures or dislocations during the forceful involuntary movements of the clonic phase. Restricting the extremities creates unnecessary resistance against powerful muscle contractions. The nurse should clear the immediate area of hard objects rather than holding the client down.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

B. Ensure two nurses confirm the information on the blood label: Before initiating a blood transfusion, two nurses must verify the client’s identity, blood type, and compatibility with the donor blood. This step is essential to prevent transfusion reactions due to mismatched blood.

C. Obtain a large-bore IV catheter: A large-bore IV catheter (18–20 gauge) is necessary to facilitate the transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). A smaller gauge may cause hemolysis or delay administration.

D. Witness the client signing a consent for transfusion: A blood transfusion is an invasive procedure requiring informed consent. The nurse ensures the client understands the risks, benefits, and potential complications before signing the consent form.

Incorrect Options:

A. Explain to the client that transfusion reactions are not serious: This is incorrect because transfusion reactions can range from mild allergic responses to life-threatening anaphylaxis or hemolytic reactions. The nurse should educate the client on symptoms to report, such as fever, chills, or dyspnea.

E. Ensure the transfusion tubing is flushed with dextrose 5% in water: Blood products should only be administered with 0.9% sodium chloride to prevent hemolysis. Using dextrose solutions can cause red blood cell aggregation and clot formation.

A. Believes the death is punishment for bad behavior B. Recognizes the parent will never wake up C. Understands that everyone dies eventually D. Expresses curiosity about the funeral service

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Believes the death is punishment for bad behavior: Preschoolers, typically ages 3 to 5, often engage in magical thinking and may believe that death is a result of their own actions or bad behavior. They may see death as a punishment for something they did wrong, as they have difficulty understanding the permanence and inevitability of death. This egocentric thinking is typical for their developmental stage.

B) Recognizes the parent will never wake up: Preschoolers may not yet fully comprehend the permanence of death. They may think the deceased parent will eventually wake up or return. This belief reflects their limited understanding of death, which they may view as reversible or temporary, especially if they haven't encountered death before.

C) Understands that everyone dies eventually: Preschoolers do not generally have the cognitive ability to grasp the concept that everyone dies eventually. This understanding develops later, typically during the concrete operational stage of development (around age 7 or 8), when children begin to understand death as permanent and universal.

D) Expresses curiosity about the funeral service: While some preschoolers may express curiosity about events like a funeral, it is more likely that their curiosity would be centered on simple, tangible aspects of death (such as asking questions about where the person went or what happens to their body) rather than the ceremony itself. At this stage, children may not fully understand the cultural or symbolic meanings of a funeral service.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following action should the nurse take?

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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